New Zealand Sustainable Dairy Farm

New Zealand Sustainable Dairy Farm EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Dairy farmers are profoundly energetic to strengthen their own organizations furthermore, help manufacture a superior future for New Zealand. Worldwide dairy markets offer significant development and esteem creation opportunities throughout the following decades. Individual agriculturist activity furthermore, industry activities are as of now doing some of what should be done to catch these open doors, be that as it may, more should be possible especially in working for the advantage of all New Zealanders. The strategic vision is dairy farming working for everyone. To accomplish this vision, dairy farming must be focused and mindful. Protecting furthermore, improving New Zealand dairy farmings upper hand is a proceeded with exertion, expanding on past systems and focussing on the key territories that have any kind of effect to the monetary performance of dairy farming. Dairy farming must likewise address its duties inside and outside the cultivate door. A dependable dairy cultivating industry is one which illustrates great stewardship of assets, recognizes its obligation of care to individuals whats more, creatures, and which assembles a superior New Zealand through the commitments agriculturists and the more extensive industry to New Zealand society. This document outlines key destinations adjusted to being competitive and responsible. Meeting these objectives will make a more sustainable future for dairy farming in New Zealand. ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES According to Business Dictionary Analysis of how scarce resources (factors of production) are distributed among producers, and how scarce goods and services are apportioned among consumers. This analysis takes into consideration the accounting cost, economic cost, opportunity cost, and other costs of resources and goods and services. Allocation of resources is a central theme in economics (which is essentially a study of how resources are allocated) and is associated with economic efficiency and maximization of utility. Definition of Resource Allocation Resource allocation is a process and strategy including an organization choosing where scare resources ought to be utilized as a part of the production of goods or services. A resource can be considered as any factor of production, which is something used to deliver products or services. Resources include such things as labour, land, machinery, tools and equipment, technology, and natural resources, and monetary assets, for example, money. Resource allocation is the process toward assigning and managing assets in a way that supports an associations strategic objectives. Resource allocation includes managing tangible assets, for example, equipment to make the best utilization of softer assets, for example, human capital. Resource allocation includes adjusting competing necessities and priorities and deciding the best strategy keeping in mind the end goal to maximize the successful utilization of limited resources and gain the best rate of return. OVERVIEW About the NZ Dairy Industry Fast Facts New Zealand represents 3% of aggregate world production New Zealand exports around 95% of its dairy production In the year to June 2016, dairy was New Zealands biggest export segment (18% of aggregate products and service exports) New Zealand exported NZ$ 12.4 billion worth of dairy products in the year ending June 2016 The main five markets for New Zealand dairy exports are: China, United States, United Arab Emirates, Australia, Japan New Zealands main four dairy export products are: whole milk powder (37%), cheese (12%), skim milk powder (10%), and butter (9%) Protein products, UHT drain, and new-born child recipe represented 21% of New Zealand dairy exports in 2015, up from 16% in 2013 Dairy is a part of New Zealand Heritage New Zealands first dairy processing plant was built up around 1875 and the principal export shipment of refrigerated butter left Dunedin in 1882. Since this time, the industry has taken after a way of development and combination, culminating in the Dairy Industry Restructuring Act 2001, which sets up the current regulatory framework for the industry. New Zealands delivers an extensive variety of dairy products. Milk powders are a substantial part of the product mix, mirroring the sharp regularity of New Zealand milk production, distance from market, market access and demand flow, and New Zealands skill in milk powder producing. New Zealand dairy organizations are trusted providers of a full scope of dairy products, including of high esteem dairy nutritional products, specific dairy ingredients for food service, and new-born child recipes. ALLOCATION OF BUDGET Budget allocation is a critical part of all business and not-for-profit financial plans. Budgets are ordinarily set every year and include allocating anticipated income and resources between various divisions and business interests. The amount of funding allocated to every area forces limitations on the extent of the departments development. For instance, if there is a reduction in financing, then some staff must be made excess. DairyNZ has developed straightforward budget formats and guides. A cash flow outlines your month to month financial circumstance. It estimates; on a month-by-month basis, what salary you expect and what you anticipate spending. Effectively utilizing a financial plan during the season gives you a chance to monitor progress and make restorative move where essential. Annual Cash Budget An annual cash budget point of cash received and cash costs going out. It indicates if the business is sustainable and estimates any cash surplus or deficiency for the season. Monthly Cash flow Budget A cash flow budget traces your month to month finance related circumstance. It estimates; on a month-by-month basis, what income you expect and what you anticipate spending. Personal Cash Budget A personal cash budget is for any individual who needs to know where their cash is going. Finishing a personal budget gives more prominent control over personal expenditure and gives you a chance to figure out where reserve funds could be made for large items, for example, abroad occasions, or to develop an aggregate of cash for future investment or retirement. It is especially valuable for agriculturists on a wage or pay. Partial Budget Partial budgeting is a basic planning tool used to estimate the monetary benefit or loss by changing some part of the business or making a partial change to the farm system. RESOURCE MONITORING Water Meters and Monitoring Water meters are the best approach to monitor water utilize. They can detect little breaks and losses and are a successful approach to track occasional and annual consumption. A basic water meter (costing about $350) will help detect where water can be saved and recognize water proficiency choices on-farm. They are a profitable element of any farm taking a stab at sustainable water utilizes. Monitoring Water Meters Read meters in the meantime and day on a general timetable to guarantee readings are predictable. Readings can be recorded on DairyNZs. At any rate once every month, read the meter late at night and again early the following morning, to check for little or unnoticed breaks. Assigning meter-reading obligation to one individual makes it a player in a routine and diminishes the chance of it being overlooked. Tracking Trends Record meter readings consistently to track regular and yearly homestead water utilize. The business assesses that average water use for draining bovines is around 140 liters/day (70L for drinking and 70L in the homestead dairy). Climate conditions and encourage will influence stock water consumption. On the off chance that general water use on the ranch consistently surpasses 140L/day, it merits having a more critical search for conceivable water misfortunes or wasteful aspects in operation. Selecting a Water Meter Introducing a water meter permits you to record genuine water utilize and distinguish regions where water can be utilized all the more proficiently. Water system New Zealands Water Measurement Blue Tick licensed administrators are suggested for establishment of water meters and can give exhortation on the most appropriate alternative. Types of Water Meters There are two fundamental sorts of water meter accessible to monitor shed water utilize; mechanical and electromagnetic. The cost and varies shifts between these meters. When all is said in done mechanical water meters are the least expensive in advance however require prior substitution and have poorer exactness than the electromagnetic. Mechanical Water Meter Most mechanical meters have an impeller that is pivoted by water going through the meter. The measure of turns is meant a volumetric perusing. The meters are accessible in different sizes and the funnels either side of them, must be brimming with water amid measuring to guarantee they are precise. Advantages Reliable and accurate estimation giving the meter is accurately installed. Moderately low introductory cost contrasted with electromagnetic In-line support with basic productive component. Replacement for parts (e.g. impellers) promptly accessible. Disadvantages Hard to recognize breakdown or human impedance to meter while working if worked with an information lumberjack. Inclined to wear in salty water, conceivably bringing about loss of exactness. Some head loss qualities. Electromagnetic Water Meter An electromagnetic meter comprises of a segment of pipe with an attractive field around it and cathodes which decide stream in view of how the electrical voltage is changed by the water stream. This sort of meter is delivered in a scope of standard sizes and flow capacities. Advantages High level of exactness (+/ 0.15-2%) and steady over full stream go. Wide flow extend and no obstacles to stream. Vigorous with insignificant routine upkeep required. No moving parts. Disadvantages Control supply required. Electronic parts powerless against lightning harm. Installing a Water Meter Water Meter Placement For the most part, water meters ought to be fitted: After a water channel, to keep away from coarseness in the water which causes wear on the meter Prior to any compound infusion, for example, fertigation. Prior to any outlets so that the whole water yield is measured. Most meters should be fitted in a long straight length of pipe. Meters wont record the water stream precisely if stream is influenced by turbulence or discharge brought about by twists or intersections. The length of straight pipe before the meter ought to be 10 times the pipe measurement. The length of straight pipe after the meter ought to be five circumstances the pipe breadth (see chart underneath). Not all meters require this straight length of pipe to capacity, check the makers particulars of the meter. TIME MANAGEMENT Inside your crowd there will be an expansive scope of draining lengths; a few bovines with short draining terms to some with long. The most well-known is around 6 minutes. In the event that the turn time was set at around 10 minutes, then, contingent upon the season of year, around 7% of the slowest draining bovines would go around. Speeding up the Rotation Time Traditionally, agriculturists have gone for under 10% of cows going around. In the event that over 10% required a moment turn, the stage speed would be decreased to give the dairy animals longer to drain. In fact, go around dairy animals dont adversely influence the quantity of bovines drained every hour and going for fewer than 10% will regularly confine the stage throughput. Try not to stress over releasing dairy animals around. Set the turn time in light of the capacity of the mugs on administrator. Its ideal to continue measuring at a sensible rate all through draining, as opposed to put undue exertion or strain on the body attempting to keep up a debilitating pace. Numerous revolving administrators utilize the quantity of going around cows as the criteria for setting pivot time yet this can regularly confine proficiency. How is Speeding up more efficient? The condition underneath shows which is more productive. Normal bunch sit out of equipment time for 10 min revolution; (3.6 minutes + 0.7 minutes) = 4.3 minutes. Normal bunch sit out of gear time for 8 min revolution; (1.8 minutes + 1.5 minutes) =3.3 minutes. Lessening bunch sit out of gear time or over-draining will enhance draining productivity. For the 10 minute turn in this case, there is less group sit without moving time utilizing a shorter revolution time with more go-around bovines than a more drawn out pivot time permitting less go around cows. In a 50 safeguard turning utilizing this 10 minute pivot, each group would be sit without moving for 3.6 minutes because of cows that have completed the process of draining holding up to exit and 7% of safeguards would be utilized for go around dairy animals a likeness an additional 0.7 minutes of sit out of gear bunch time. Shortening the turn to 8 minutes would diminish bunch sit out of gear time to 1.8 minutes in light of the fact that for most cows they are completing the process of draining nearer to the exit, yet now 19% of safeguards would be involved by a go around dairy animals so this sit time would increment to 1.5 minutes. Administrators ordinarily utilize a similar turn time paying little mind to revolving size. A greater rotating will mean less administrator time for each safeguard. As the speed builds, so does the rate of go around dairy animals. At the point when the revolving achieves the point where 20% of cows are going around it is for the most part not more productive to accelerate the stage and abbreviate the turn time (yet it not less effective either). COST METHODS The cost method commands that the investor account for the investment at its historical cost (i.e., the price tag). This data shows up as a benefit on the accounting report of the investor. Once the financial specialist records the underlying exchange, there is no compelling reason to change it, unless there is proof that the honest estimation of the speculation has declined to underneath the recorded authentic cost. Provided that this is true, the financial specialist records the recorded cost of the venture to its new honest esteem. 1. Average Salary Taken truly, the average salary of a specific position is the scientific signify of the pay rates surprisingly utilized in that position. This number is figured by including every one of the pay rates of individuals working in the position and after that isolating that total by the quantity of individuals working in the position. The number got is the normal salary. Most associations that track vocation pay rates, for example, Pay scale, ascertain this number through a testing of individuals. 2. Productivity Costs A financial estimation used to anticipate future examples of expansion in the United States economy. The profitability estimation tracks the productivity of merchandise and ventures creation, and the cost estimation shows the work cost joined to each yield unit in the economy. 3. Training Costs Educational planning for playing out a vocation that is ordinarily given to staff by the business that has as of late enlisted them before they get to be distinctly dynamic in support of the organization. Worker preparing is progressively required to help the work constrain in utilizing current systems, apparatuses, procedures and materials in their occupations. 4. Recruitment Costs The Society for Human Resource Management offers an exhaustive record specifying the Cost-per-Hire Standard, an American National Standard for human asset administration. This Standard is composed as an apparatus to permit an association to decide precise and similar expenses to staff position utilizing standard information and equations to compute the enlisting expenses to be joined into cost-per-contract. IDENTIFICATION OF RESOURCE GAP The drought can be viewed as broken just when there has been sufficient rain to take the dirt to inside around 15% of field limit. That by and large means more than 50mm. Until then arrangement to get past in the most ideal shape. Have a plan in place Planning is critical to dealing with a dry summer. A good plan will decrease stress and guarantee that the dry summer wont effect on the accompanying seasons creation. A Summer Management Plan will amplify benefit and lessen worry in a dry summer. Â   Â   It may not be anything but difficult to foresee when it will rain, however an arrangement gives the system to what choices should be made and when. The arrangement should be explored as conditions change. Take Action Early Dry-off Poor Performers It is better to put scarce feed or costly supplements into bovines that are creating great. The others will eat significantly less when dry, and you may have the capacity to graze them off. Use Supplements Wisely Most importantly reserve 10-14 days of supplement for the period after rain (approx. 100kg/DM/bovine); progressively if extreme dry season, less if C4 grasses will develop after rain. There will be a great deal of field rot as of now and you require something to keep your dairy animals going and to keep the turn ease back to develop encourage supplies. Nourishing supplements keeps creatures underway longer than would somehow or another is conceivable. However supplements can expand stock water rates. Consider giving water in the yards lessen the requests to diminish the request on troughs in the enclosure subsequent to draining. Abstain from utilizing harvest time/winter supplements if at all conceivable. Utilize them just if all else fails in the wake of getting dry the whole group. The productivity of sustain supplements relies on upon the persist reaction of having bovines in drain when it rains (the more drawn out the dry season, the lower the reaction) and the cost of supplement with respect to drain cost. When bolstering supplements guarantee that stock have enough water as the request may increment. Consider giving water in the yards to decrease the request on troughs in the enclosure in the wake of draining. Consider Milking Once-a-Day (OAD) Milking OAD or once at regular intervals are great alternatives to take the weight off dairy animals when bolster supply is constrained. OAD reduces the weight on bovines strolling to the shed, and can expand the time accessible for sustaining out. The effect on drain generation will be subject to the creation of the cows, their genetic merit and the feed available. Review the Plan Monitor Farm and Rainfall Review the arrangement consistently to 10 days (precipitation, nourish cover, supplement, generation). Check dairy animals condition routinely (every 3-4 weeks), especially the 2 and 3 year olds, and get them dry in light of their condition score and days from calving, sustain accessible, winter field development rates and expected calving date. Set up Next Season Dry-off a greater amount of the crowd if required Would it be gainful to continue draining an extent of your best makers and touch the rest off? Or, then again would it be ideal to get dry the entire group and oversee them all alone property? In what capacity will you keep up or enhance their condition so that next seasons creation is not influenced? DECISION AND CONTINGENCY PLANNING Planning for Success Most activities which enhance the effectiveness of changing over farm contributions to milk are certain for the farm business financially and naturally. Go for a win outcome- embracing great practice enhances the productivity of your cultivating business and has enhanced natural outcomes. The accompanying planning objectives are fundamentally focused around the ecological parts of a dairy change. Here are four focuses to consider: Allow Plenty of time for due diligence Permit time to talk with the greater part of the associations recorded in the Information Gathering stage, different agriculturists who have effectively finished a dairy transformation, and in addition proficient experts. Be set up to put resources into data gathering e.g. soil mapping by experts data which will empower you to completely evaluate the lands potential reasonableness for dairy cultivating and gushing water system. Putting it in writing The old adage, neglect to plan- plan to come up short may seem to be accurate. Expressly stating plans (or drawing/schematic) permits you a chance to think about your thoughts, perhaps distinguish any contentions or shortages, and make it a great deal less demanding to impart your thoughts to staff and others you are working with. Having a detailed timeline is an imperative piece of accomplishing the objectives of the transformation. Inability to do this, could bring about overwhelms in capital and time, and missing due dates, i.e. the begin of the season. Connecting with contractual workers and tradesmen with a composed contract with concurred results, costs and time spans, in view of your arrangement is beneficial. Unified Farmers can give a scope of format contracts. Have a dedicated project manager A devoted project manager is fundamental for executing a change plan, whether this is the farm proprietor or director, or a procured proficient project supervisor. Their part is basic to keep the project inside time and spending limitations, to ground-truth what is going on the ranch, and keep temporary workers on timetable amid the transformation. Correspondence is principal, the venture director needs to stay in touch with everybody who has been appointed obligations, and also keeping different partners, for example, staff, speculators or invested individuals educated. Utilize the help, advice and tool of experts There is the wealth of learning and innovation officially accessible for agriculturists wishing to change over to dairy. Cases incorporate proficient homestead mapping and ranch architects. Pro specialists, who have worked with other ranch changes, might have the capacity to do a considerable measure of your arranging and proposition for you. In any case, getting the correct proficient and administration is essential, the quality is recalled, long after the cost is overlooked. The time that a qualified and legitimate proficient can spare you, and the esteem they can include, in contrast with the cost of their administrations can make them a decent speculation. PRIORITIZATION AND RESOURCE LEVELING The Five Production Systems are an approach to group farm production frameworks by allocation of imported feed. As New Zealand peaceful farming is about profitably balancing feed supply and demand, five production frameworks have been depicted by DairyNZ basically on the basis of when imported feed is encouraged to dry or lactating cows during the season and furthermore by the measure of imported feed as well as off homestead grazing. The definitions do exclude touching or feed for youthful stock. Framework 1 All grass independent, all stock on the dairy platform No feed is imported. No supplement fed to the crowd with the exception of supplement gathered off the compelling milking area and get cows are not nibbled dry the successful milking region. Framework 2 Feed imported, either supplement or grazing off, fed to dry dairy cows Approx. 4 14% of aggregate feed is imported. Substantial variety in % as in high rainfall areas and cold atmospheres, for example, Southland, a large portion of the dairy cows are wintered off. Framework 3 Feed imported to extend lactation (regularly autumn feed) and for dry cows Approx. 10-20% of aggregate nourish is imported. Westland feed to extend lactation might be foreign made in spring as opposed to autumn. Framework 4 Feed imported and utilized at both ends of lactation and for dry dairy cows Approx. 20 30% of aggregate feed is imported onto the farm. Framework 5 Imported feed utilized all year, all through lactation and for dry dairy cows Approx. 25 40% (yet can be up to 55%) of aggregate feed is imported. *Note: Farms feeding 1-2kg of meal or grain per cow every day for the majority of the season will best fit in System 3. IMPACT OF RESOURCE ALLOCATION ON STRATEGY Wise use of Natural Resources New Zealand dairy agriculturists have contributed greatly to the preservation and utilization of New Zealands common habitat. Numerous beautiful parks, saves and recreational trails all through the nation have been created with dairy agriculturists help and as a result of their energy for preservation. Numerous dairy ranches have widely planted less profitable parts of their homesteads in local vegetation or potentially improved planting to ensure delicate conduits and wetlands. Like most New Zealanders, dairy ranchers are turning out to be progressively mindful of the total impacts of changes in arrive utilize. The obligation of person farmers and land-proprietors is to work proficiently and mindfully, in this way having the ideal ecological impression. Innovative Technologies NZ dairy farming is to a great extent in light of very effective broad peaceful brushing frameworks. This is an aggressive advantage, additionally a potential risk seeing that New Zealand is little on a worldwide scale. The considerably bigger dairy businesses of the northern half of the globe, which are normally based around housed frameworks, order far more prominent interest in regions, for example, hereditarily designed encourage products and dairy computerization to suit those frameworks. There is potential for troublesome advances in these advances to essentially change the playing field, and challenge New Zealand dairy cultivatings aggressiveness. This goal is gone for creating or catching new information to push out the limits of what is in fact achievable on homesteads, and making these advancements available to dairy ranchers. CONCLUSION The result recommend that great feed management of field, when contrasted and poor, can increment operating profit by $176/ha at a milk price of $3.65. As a general rule, most administrators will fall between these two classifications great and poor management- and field monitoring exercises will perpetually be affected via seasonal workload. Additionally, the quality of field mass evaluations will shift contingent upon how these are directed as well as the ability of the assessor. In any case, this review indicates that the expenses related with time and effort required for touching administration are little in examination with potential gains in operating profit. REFERENCES https://www.dairynz.co.nz/news/latest-news/the-financial-benefits-of-better-feed-allocation/ http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/allocation-of-resources.html www.dcanz.com/about-the-nz-dairy-industry/ http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/efficiency and-costs.html

‘Good Friday’ by Edwin Morgan

‘Good Friday’ by Edwin Morgan In this essay I will show how Edwin Morgan uses different poetic techniques to highlight central themes in the poem. The poem is about a slightly drunk working class man Morgan encounters on a public bus in Glasgow at Easter. One of the main themes with features in this poem is religion, in particular about how society is becoming more secular. The title ‘Good Friday’ immediately refers to the date Jesus was crucified, bringing religion into the poem from the start. Also, ‘3 o’clock’ is the time Jesus is thought to have died, another biblical reference.The fact that the man is going to get ‘Some Easter eggs for the kiddies’, but isn’t really sure at all about the relevance of them to the holiday he is celebrating, shows that they have no real relevance to him even though he is spending money on them, though to Christians, they symbolise the stone covering the tomb where Christ was buried. It shows how religion has faded, and busine sses commercialise these holidays for profit. Another key theme in the poem is social-class; in particular how the fact that this man is working class affects the way he treats the holidays.The man explains ‘I’ve had a wee drink’, but the way he ‘flops’ into the seat suggests differently. He must have seen a difference between himself and Morgan because he feels the need to explain ashamedly, almost, ‘I like to celebrate when I’m no working’, and the way his speech is broken up suggests embarrassment, ‘I don’t say it’s right -I’m no saying it’s right – ye understand – ye understand? ’ The repetition of the question shows he feels pressurized; he doesn’t want to be judged, and it shows an eagerness to be approved.It shows that even by appearances he can see the line between himself and Morgan, and in saying ‘You’re an educatit man,’ he is sort of putt ing himself down, sounding as though he thinks he is below Morgan. He gives off the impression of being slightly angry, and emotional, when he says ‘Its been seen time and time again, the working man has nae education’. He describes himself as ‘bliddy ignorant’. His emotional, chatty persona may partly be because of the ‘wee drink’ he has had, the aftermath has left him feeling slightly depressed.The Scottish dialect that Morgan uses for the drunken man also give the poem a sense of place, the ‘fae’, ‘aye’, and ‘wasny’, all give the impression a Glaswegian man, as well as the poor sentence structure, ‘rose fae the dead like, see what I mean? ’. It further adds to the impression that the working-class man is poorly educated. The verbs that are used ‘lurches’, ‘flops’, ‘lunges’, and ‘swings’ are all quite erratic and violent movements, and the fact that the poem is in the present tense add to that feeling of immediacy and make you feel in the poem.At the end, the structure of the last sentence, ‘On very nearly steady legs’ could be describing the man’s movements as he steps off of the bus, because the words are used as a sort of calligram, the words look like steps. In conclusion, ‘Good Friday’ is a poem in which strong poetic techniques such as speech, verbs, repetition, and symbolism , and they are used to highlight central themes in the poem such as social class issues, and the way society is becoming increasingly secular.

Dubliners: Escape And Paralysis Essay

James Joyce captures the social realities of early nineteenth century Ireland in the set of short stories that comprise Dubliners. Many of the stories have parallels as Joyce overlaps themes in his effort to define the conditions in Ireland. Joyce develops the themes of paralysis and the desire to escape via the protagonists’ experiences in Eveline and Little Cloud. Confronted with the opportunity to escape Dublin, Eveline is unable to board the ferry because she is paralyzed by memories of her past and home. Little Chandler is overwhelmed with a feeling of paralysis as he reflects upon Gallaher’s good fortunes after escaping Ireland. â€Å"Now she was going to go away like the others, to leave her home.† In Eveline, Joyce attends to the Irish lower class as he depicts a young girl’s attempt to escape Dublin. The narrator describes the circumstances of the story through Eveline’s thoughts. Eveline ponders the benefits of leaving her home and the life she has in Dublin. She feels that her duties at home and at work are a little overbearing. Eveline is unhappy with the way Miss Gavan behaves toward her at work, â€Å"especially whenever there were people listening.† In relation to the abuse she endures at work, Eveline believes, â€Å"in her new home, in a distant unknown country, it would not be like that.† The idea of escaping fills her with hope because she desires to be appreciated. Eveline insists that she will not be treated the same way her mother was treated when she was alive. According to Eveline, â€Å"she would be married – she, Eveline. People would treat her w ith respect then. She would not be treated as her mother had been.† Escaping Dublin and starting a new life for herself motivates Eveline to except Frank’s invitation to go to Buenos Ayres. The narrator makes it known that Eveline is very conscious of the contrast between the way things were when she was young and her life now. When her mother was still alive, Eveline insists that â€Å"her father was not so bad then.† It was a long time ago when these memories of her father took place. She remembers when children from different families played together in the field, when her family was still together, and when her mother was alive. But now Eveline and her siblings have all grown up and her mother has died.  She also reflects that Tizzie Dunn has died and many of her friends have moved away. All of Eveline’s thoughts represent the death and stagnant atmosphere of her home. Eveline is also aware of the changes that have occurred in the relationship she has with her father. Despite the fact that she is over nineteen years old, the narrator reveals, â€Å"she sometimes felt herself in danger of her father’s violence.† Lately he has been threatening her and suggesting what he would do to her â€Å"for her dead mother’s sake.† Eveline is scared because her favorite brother Ernest is dead and her other brother Harry is busy down in the country. The narrator expresses Eveline’s fear and anxiety, â€Å"and now she had nobody to protect her.† Eveline does not understand that her memories of the past are out of date. The people Eveline associates with the past have all died or moved away. She feels vulnerable and dreams to escape the place of childhood. Eveline perceives Frank as her only hope of escaping Dublin and making a new life for herself. Frank is symbolic of the excitement of the world outside of Ireland. He promises to take her away as his wife and live with her in Buenos Ayres in a home he has waiting for them. Eveline is intrigued by the idea of an exotic new land and she is ready â€Å"to explore another life with Frank.† When Eveline attended the Bohemian Girl with Frank, â€Å"she felt elated as she sat in an unaccustomed part of the theatre with him.† Eveline was also impressed with Frank’s interest in music and ability to sing. The narrator explains Eveline’s feelings towards Frank, â€Å"first of all it had been an excitement for her to have a fellow and then she had begun to like him.† Frank told her â€Å"tales of distant countries† and stories of his journeys around the world. Eveline is convinced that if she wants a life outside of Dublin it must be with Frank. One nigh t Eveline remembered the promise she made to her mother about taking care of the home for as long as she could. The narrator describes Eveline’s sudden realization about her future life in Dublin, â€Å"She stood up in a sudden impulse of terror. Escape! She must escape! Frank would save her†¦But she wanted to live†¦She had a right to happiness.† â€Å"Could she still draw back after all he had done for her?† Despite Eveline’s desire to escape Dublin, she is overcome by paralysis as she considers leaving her home and family. Eveline’s doubts are revealed as she questions, â€Å"She had consented to go away, to leave her home. Was that  wise?† Observing the objects that she has to care for in her home, Eveline is reserved when she considers leaving them. She is very attached to the things around her that represent the memories of her life at home. Eveline experiences feelings of sadness as she contemplates, â€Å"Perhaps she would never see again those familiar objects from which she had never dreamed of being divided.† Eveline is scared about the notion of adventuring out and trying to make a life on her own. She becomes unsure whether she can survive outside of Dublin and away from her family. As these emotions of uncertainty surround her, Eveline finds new security in her home despite her desire to escape. Eveline relates, â€Å"In her home anyway she had shelter and food; she had those whom she had known all her life about her.† Paralyzed by the concept of starting a new life with Frank, Eveline forgets about the reasons that she wanted to leave in the first place. In contrast to the dislike she had expressed towards her work, Eveline testifies, â€Å"It was hard work – a hard life – but now that she was about to leave it she did not find it a wholly undesirable life.† Confronted by her fear of leaving her family and being on her own, Eveline reconsiders the conditions of her home. The idea of leaving her father upsets Eveline, she confirms, â€Å"Her father was becoming old lately, she noticed; he would miss her.† Eveline expresses her affection for her father despite the threat of him mistreating her and her memories of the way he acted towards her mother. When she ponders the good qualities in her father Eveline compresses time to make his past actions seem more recent. Remembering the time she was sick and he had read her a story and made her toast, Eveline maintains, â€Å"sometimes he could be very nice.† She also has memories of going on a picnic when her mother was still alive and the way her father had made all the children laugh. The memory of her promise to her mother takes on new light, as she suddenly feels responsible for her father. Eveline confuses memories of her past with the realities of the conditions of her present life. The paralysis of leaving her family becomes too much for Eveline as she waits to board the ship with Frank. Eveline panics when she considers this major change in her life. When the departure bell rings Eveline feels â€Å"All the seas of the world tumbled about her heart. He was drawing her into them: he would drown her.† She is unable to board the boat and escape the place where she feels secure and at home. Little Cloud portrays the paralysis of the protagonist’s life as it is contrasted with the life of a friend who escaped Ireland. Chandler is overwhelmed with the idea of meeting his friend after years of being apart. As Chandler dreams of seeing Gallaher he remembers, â€Å"few fellows had talents like his and fewer still could remain unspoiled by such success.† Chandler is envious of the life Gallaher made for himself writing for a paper in London. But Chandler is not jealous of his friend, he comments, â€Å"Gallaher’s heart was in the right place and he had deserved to win.† It has been eight years since Gallaher had last been in Dublin and Chandler wonders how life in Europe must have changed â€Å"the friend whom he had known under shabby and necessitous guise.† On his way to the bar Chandler reflects on his life in the same city, â€Å"he watched the scene and thought of life; and (as always happened when he thought of life) he became sad.â⠂¬  Spoiling the excitement of his earlier thoughts, Chandler’s melancholy nature reflects â€Å"how useless it was to struggle against fortune.† But Chandler is very impressed by Gallaher’s invitation to meet at Corless’s, the bar where you can eat oysters, drink liqueurs, and where the waiters speak French and German. Though Gallaher used to drink freely and borrow money, Chandler insists, â€Å"now that he reviewed the past, Little Chandler could remember many signs of future greatness in his friend.† There was something about Gallaher that impressed Chandler in spite of himself. He admired his courage for leaving Dublin and also his ability to become â€Å"a brilliant figure for the London Press.† Chandler is encouraged by Gallaher’s success, the narrator explains, â€Å"for the first time in his life he felt himself superior to the people he passed.† The inspiration of meeting Gallaher moves chandler towards ideas of escaping Dublin and making a name for himself in London. Chandler believes that his missed opportunities are the fault of the stagnant environment of the city. He reveals, â€Å"There was no doubt about it: if you wanted to succeed you had to go away. You could do nothing in Dublin.† The books in Chandler’s house represent his hopes of beco ming a writer and expressing his ideas. He wonders if he could write something original and if Gallaher would help him get it into the London paper. Walking to the bar Chandler relates, â€Å"he was not sure what idea he wished to express but the thought that a poetic moment had touched him took life within him like an infant hope.† Escaping his life and writing has been a dream of Chandler’s for a long time. The narrator  describes Chandler’s emotions, â€Å"every step brought him nearer to London, farther from his own sober inartistic life.† Chandler looks inside himself and questions his ability to make it as a writer. He’s not too old to express himself and he believes â€Å"his temperament might be said to be just at the point of maturity.† The reader can see the irony in Chandler’s sense of himself and Dublin. The â€Å"different moods and impressions that he wished to express in verse† are products of the city’s conditions and his experience there. Chandler debates the qualities of his soul, he tells, â€Å"melancholy was the dominant note of his temperament, he thought, but it was a melancholy tempered by recurrences of faith and resignation and simple joy.† Chandler believes that if he wrote a book of poems certain men would listen and that â€Å"he might appeal to a little circle of kindred minds.† He speculates that English critics might recognize him for the Celtic tone of his poems. He even invents responses that might appear in the notices he book could recieve. He suggests, â€Å"Mr. Chandler has the gift of easy and graceful verse†¦.A wistful sadness pervades these poems†¦ The Celtic note.† Chandler can’t take his focus off of the idea of becoming a success in London. He even considers changing his name to make it more Irish-looking. Incorporating his mother’s maiden name into his own, Chandler is more pleased with â€Å"Thomas Malone Chandler† or â€Å"T. Malone Chandler.† Chandler feels that escaping Dublin is the only way he can satisfy his dreams of success. The narrator reveals the change in Gallaher soon after Chandler enters the bar. Unaware of the obvious national contrast in his friend’s appearance, Chandler describes Gallaher, â€Å"His eyes, which were of bluish slate-colour, relieved his unhealthy pallor and shone out plainly above the vivid orange tie he wore.† Gallaher’s blue eyes are representative of Ireland and the orange of his tie depicts a European influence. Chandler and Gallaher discuss the spoiled lives of their old friends. It becomes evident that Gallaher is the only person Chandler knows who has enjoyed success. Gallaher observes that Chandler has not changed in anyway since the last time he saw him. Suggesting that Chandler should â€Å"want to knock about a bit in the world,† Gallaher discovers that Chandler has never left the island. Chandler asks Gallaher to describe the beauty of Paris and the other exotic places he  has visited. Gallaher has a different impression of Paris, he exp lains, â€Å"It’s not so beautiful, you know. Of course, it is beautiful†¦.But it’s the life of Paris; that’s the thing. Ah, there’s no city like Paris for gaiety, movement, excitement.† Chandler is astonished by the corruption and immoral behavior that Gallaher exposes him to. But Chandler is still impressed with Gallaher’s foresight to escape Dublin. He acknowledges, â€Å"The old personal charm was still there under this new gaudy manner. And, after all, Gallaher had lived, he had seen the world.† The difference between the two friends is developed further as Gallaher describes the life of Paris. In contrast to Chandler’s melancholy nature, Gallaher shows, â€Å"Everything in Paris is gay†¦They believe in enjoying life†¦If you want to enjoy yourself properly you must go to Paris.† Chandler feels that Gallaher must think Dublin is boring in comparison to the worlds he has seen. Chandler is even more inspired about leaving Dublin after he learns what kind of life exists off the island. The drinks and strong cigar of his meeting with Gallaher upsets Chandler’s sensitive nature. Chandler is displeased with his friend accent and way of expressing himself. The feelings he experienced before talking with his friend disappeared as the narrator explains, â€Å"there was something vulgar in his friend which he had not observed before.† Chandler is disturbed by Gallaher’s adventurous and successful life. Chandler has a realization about the opportunities his friend has enjoyed as the narrator offers, â€Å"He felt acutely the contrast between his own life and his friend’s, and it seemed to hum unjust.† It becomes evident to Chandler that he could be more triumphant than Gallaher, who he claims, â€Å"was his inferior in birth and education.† Chandler is confronted with a feeling of paralysis, â€Å"He was sure that he could do something better than his friend had ever done, or could ever do, something higher that mere tawdry journalism if he only got the chance.† But it all seems to late for Chandler when he dwells on Gallaher’s response to his inquiry about marriage. Chandler is overwhelmed with regret as Gallaher explains; â€Å"I’m going to have my fling first and see a bit of life and the world before I put my head in the sack – If I ever do.† The meeting with Gallaher changed Chandler’s feelings of inspiration into feelings of paralysis. Returning home, Chandler feeling resentment towards all the things that are symbolic of his trapped existence in Dublin. After observing a picture of his wife, Chandler remembers a time in which Annie reprimanded him for trying to please her. The narrator describes his revelation, â€Å"He looked coldly into the eyes of the photograph and they answered coldly†¦But he found something mean in it.† Everything around him was irritated by his inability to escape the home and city that repressed him. He is again taunted by his meeting with Gallaher when he studies his wife’s eyes. Chandler insists, â€Å"they repelled him and defied him: there was no passion in them, no rapture. He thought of what Gallaher had said about rich Jewesses†¦Why had he married the eyes in the photograph?† Looking upon the â€Å"pretty furniture† of his house, â€Å"A dull resentment against his life awoke within him.† In a state of panic Chandler questions whether it is too late for him to experience the same life as his friend. But once again Chandler feels paralyzed and unable to escape Dublin as he looks upon his family as obstacles keeping him from the things he wants. â€Å"He was a prisoner for life.† The experiences of the protagonists in Eveline and Little Cloud portray the themes of paralysis and the desire to escape. Joyce develops the social conditions in Ireland through the lives of Eveline and Little Chandler. Both characters desire to escape the environments of their surroundings. In the two stories, however, circumstances prevent their escape as they are paralyzed by the lives they have in Dublin.

Analysis Of Grendel s The Of The World s Weird Wall

FINAL GRENDEL IOP SCRIPT John Champlin Gardner, a well-known novelist that explores philosophy within his works of fiction. He is most notably known for his 1971 book Grendel which is based on the Old English epic poem: Beowulf retold from the monster’s perspective. Within the book, Grendel is repeatedly referenced to be a â€Å"walker of the world’s weird wall† and is forced into a life of isolation, with no ulterior purpose. (FLIP SLIDE—THESIS) In Grendel, John Gardner emphasises the title hero’s isolation through the use of symbolism, philosophy and biblical allusions. SYMBOLISM Firstly I will talk about the symbolism of the text. Gardner illustrates the symbolism of eyes and caves to suggest Grendel’s isolation and indifference to†¦show more content†¦This relates back to the theme of isolation due to how even though Grendel believes that he is significant and makes a difference on the world around him, the Dragon serves as a reminder that whatever he does makes no difference, making Grendel feel even more isolated. His eye burst open like a hole, to hush me. I closed my mouth. The eye was terrible, lowering towards me. I felt as if I were tumbling down into it — dropping endlessly down through a soundless void (61). On page 61, there is a mentioning of how â€Å"his eye burst open like a hole† possibly physically opening and figuratively opening new thoughts in Grendel’s head. The â€Å"tumbling down endlessly down through a soundless void† could be both a reference to Grendel’s eventual demise and how the Dragon has a philosophy of â€Å"black holes† on how nothing matters. This relates back to the theme of isolation due to how, when exposed to these extreme philosophies, he sees that it has only left him more alone then ever before. Therefore, through the symbolic meaning of eyes, Gardner instills isolation within the title hero. BIBLICAL ALL. Secondly, Gardner utilises allusions to the Bible to steer the audience’s attention towards the

Essay on Organic vs. Sustainable Agriculture - 1357 Words

Organic vs. Sustainable Agriculture Agriculture, to many is just an industry of farmers and cows. Most people can’t even come close to fathom just how essential the continuance of agriculture is to not just our well being, but our very lives. People of the United States have been spoiled, they’ve never had to worry about the grocery stores running empty because, even to this day, there hasn’t been a problem growing enough to feed, not only the U.S. but a good part of the world too. The day though is fast approaching that we won’t be able to keep those grocery stores stocked. Due to the depletion of the vital resources, needed to produce our food, it is becoming increasingly challenging for today’s agriculturalists to feed the world.†¦show more content†¦To do this, all uses of pesticides, herbicides, chemical nutrients, genetically modified seed, and the list goes on and on. The producer relies more heavily upon the application of manure and in most cases is forced into highe r tillage to control weed pests. Although there is some other natural pest control methods, but the choices are pretty limited. Organic production’s man principle is to return organic matter back to the soil, as well as fetch premium market prices for their production. As for the history of the term â€Å"organic† and its association with agriculture as far as anyone can tell, at least in this country was around the 1940’s.( Gegner, L, Kuepper, G, 2004) Until 1962 Organic Agriculture really wasn’t something the general population knew about or even cared, but in 1962 Rachel Carson’s Silent spring came into print. The publication was a graphic statement about the harms of pesticides on the environment. This one book had a huge impact on the environmental movement of the 60’s and 70’s. With the environmental movement, the concept of Organic Agriculture finally took off (Gegner, L, Kuepper, G, 2004). From there on the Organic Agricultu ral sector has continued to grow and grow. Actually, from 1998 to 2003 the farm gate sales from organic production went from $93.8 to $154.8 million or by 53% (Fouche, C, 2006). From a market stand point, certain percentage of the population will pay a pretty penny extra for production stamped â€Å"organic,† thusShow MoreRelatedOrganic Agriculture, As Defined By The National Organic Standards Board1163 Words   |  5 PagesOrganic Agriculture, as defined by the National Organic Standards Board (NOSB): â€Å"Is an ecological production management system that promotes and enhances biodiversity, biological cycles and soil biological activity. It is based on minimal use of off-farm inputs and on management practices that restore, maintain, and enhance ecological harmony.† Which is very fancily put for agriculture with as little man made input as possible trying to farm, as they perceive at least, the most beneficial to theRead MoreSustainability Vs. Conventional Farming1 299 Words   |  6 PagesWalsh states that today, Agriculture takes up one third of the planet. (Walsh) Agriculture is the science, art, or occupation concerned with cultivating land, raising crops, growing, feeding, breeding, and raising livestock. (Dictionary) According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), when you add the word sustainable to agriculture, it means an integrated system of plant and animal production having a site-specific application. (Gold) The sales of organics are at an all time highRead MoreOrganic vs. Conventional Farming: An Anthology757 Words   |  3 PagesPollan is of the idea that the use of organic farming detoxifies food and the environment. This includes using traditional food distribution methods such as free-range chicken. Horrigan, L., Lawrence, R., Walker, P. (2002). How sustainable agriculture can address the environmental and human health harms of industrial agriculture. Environmental Health Perspective . This article outlines problems that are associated with the current factory style animal agriculture. It points at ways of making the currentRead MoreWhy Organic Farming Is Capable Of Sustaining The Global Population891 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Components 1. Discuss the â€Å"problem statement,† (what is the issue we are addressing?) - The â€Å"problem statement† to these three articles is to see if organic farming is capable of sustaining the global population by weighing the pros and cons of organic vs conventional farming. 2. Who are the authors and what are their qualifications? - First author, DiGregori has neither expertise or credential; he is a phD in Economics and does not have any experience dealing with agronomy nor didRead MoreAgriculture : A Global Environmental And Humanitarian Issue1489 Words   |  6 PagesAgriculture uses the domestication and cultivation of animals, plants, fungi and other life forms to produce food, fiber, biofuel, medicinal and other products to help sustain and enhance human life. Agriculture has existed for over the last 10,000 years and is credited into propelling our civilization into the modern cultures and technologies we see today. Without the ability to store and domesticate plants and animals it is unlikely that we would have been able to evolve beyond our hunting andRead MoreThe Effects Of Pesticides On Organic Farming1653 Words   |  7 Pagesfarmers noticed a decrease in soil quality and crop health due to the use of chemical fertilizers (â€Å"Pesticides in Organic†¦Ã¢â‚¬  1). This drop in soil quality l eft the farmers no other choice but to cease the use of chemical fertilizers and begin implementing less harmful supplements in order to improve crop quality (â€Å"An Oral History†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). This less invasive method of farming, otherwise known as organic farming, takes into account â€Å"the medium and long-term effect of agricultural interventions† (â€Å"What Are the Environmental†¦Ã¢â‚¬ )Read MoreCommercial And Industrial Farming Vs. Farming1028 Words   |  5 PagesTopic: Commercial/industrial farming vs Family farming. Structure: compare and contrast Three focus Areas: Quality of food/meat. How how farms are run. Quality of the milk. Example paragraph Have you ever asked yourself why is sustainable agriculture is so much better than industrial agriculture? Or what s in the milk i drink or the meat that i eat? Every time you sit down for a meal containing meat or dairy you’re dining with unknown carcinogens, bacteria, and other contaminants that canRead MoreThe Old Way Of Farming Is The American Future1536 Words   |  7 Pages and climate changes are some of the issues that concern most Americans. The interesting thing about them is that they all are related to agriculture. For years, Americans have not had a lucid concept of what farming is,or the importance of it, and as a result, most people do not have a clear understanding about what are the real benefits of local sustainable food as well as the consequences of supporting the current food system, the industrial food chain. Indeed, the current food system is â€Å"preventing†Read MoreThe Planet World Will Be More Than 11 Billion People2214 Words   |  9 Page sAbstract By the end of this century, the planet world will be home to more than 11 billion people. Feeding all of them in a truly sustainable way remains undoubtedly one of the greatest challenges of this generation. The population boom is sometimes feared as one of the major leading problems to the food security and malnutrition issue; this essay analysis shows that the reasons many suspects are not entirely true; it’s not the number, nor is it about enough land. The world has already what’s requiredRead MoreOmnivores Dilemma1260 Words   |  5 Pagesdoes make an interesting point about the denaturalization of the food industry, but Michael Pollan overlooks the many benefits of the current system of food production, which allows humans to produce more food on less land than in pre-industrial agriculture which in turn allows for greater sustenance to the human consumer. Additionally, the proposals that Pollan makes are simply not feasible. He believes that the United States sho uld change from an industrialized food distribution system to a model

1066 The Year Of Conquest - 1199 Words

1066: The Year of Conquest Majority of books that are written or were written about history can become very tedious to read, but Howarth early on explains his intention is to captivate and tell a story that will keep readers awake. Howarth set out to chronologically tell the story behind the year 1066 in a way that can be easily absorbed, â€Å"this is not meant to be read as a work of scholarship, only as an evocation of the excitement, pleasures and miseries of that year; but I hope it is accurate enough to satisfy scholars.† (pg. 7). Howarth starts out very strong with his narrative. Howarth’s method of sequence in depicting the events throughout the year is very effective in painting the picture of events that occurred in 1066. His†¦show more content†¦William believed he would be welcomed with open arms as the new king, but he severely misinterpreted the situation. The throne of England was far from that of Normandy. It was beyond Edward’s ability to promise the throne to Wil liam auspiciously and conclusively. However, a similar situation occurred with Harold Earl of Wessex. As he lay dying Edward’s dying word left the care of his wife and kingdom in the hands of Harold. Howard mentions that this could have been misinterpreted as well. Harold’s dying words of, â€Å"I commend this woman and all the kingdom to your protection† does not explicitly label Harold as the King. Edward’s dying words did give Harold a higher leverage in that early English laws labeled The King as ruler and protector of the people and not the actual territory. Harold’s claim to the throne is made more legitimate because The Witan later chooses him. Despite the support from The Witan, Harold’s claim to the throne is problematic due to an oath. It is believed that Harold had made an oath to William Duke of Normandy, that he would help secure the throne for William upon Edward’s death. William profoundly believed that he would be the new King of England upon Edward’s death. It never occurred him that he would have to conquer England, in the words of Howarth. William’s relation to Edward, the promise Edward allegedly made, and Harold’s oath was security to William. The Norman’s angst against Harold asShow MoreRelated1066: Year Of The Conquest Essay926 Words   |  4 PagesBook Review of 1066: The Year of the Conquest. 1066: The Year of the Conquest, written by David Howarth, tells of one of the most important dates in the history of England. In 1066, William the Conqueror and William of Orange fought the historical Battle of Hastings. The outcome of this battle lead to many changes to the English people. The Norman people became assimilated into the English way of life. Howarth proceeds to tell the tale of the Battle of Hastings through the eyes on a common EnglishmanRead MoreEssay about 1066: the Year of the Conquest1237 Words   |  5 PagesDavid Howarths, 1066: The Year Of The Conquest Harold of England and William of Normandy were both rulers of great countries, so it stands to reason that they had some similarities in common. They both new how to lead, and they both knew how to survive in a feudal system. That is about where their similarities end. Like their leaders, England and Normandy both had similarities due to the time, and how people lived. They both operated on a feudal system, and they were both prosperous and happyRead MoreWilliam The Conqueror And The Norman Conquest1453 Words   |  6 Pageshe â€Å"changed the history of the world with his courage and power.† The Norman Invasion or the Norman Conquest refers to the crucial years between c. 1066 and 1086. This period is defined by its development and experimentation with existing cultural traditions. The Norman Conquest is regarded as not only an important British milestone but also a crucial milestone for the Western world. The years subsequent to the Norman Invasion are regarded as a great revolutionary period in England’s history; theRead MoreThe Final Legacy Of William The Conqueror, Leader Of The Norman1450 Words   |  6 Pagesimpactful and even bloodier events (10). Although the Norman Conquest of 1066 was a year of much bloodshed, that ye ar was pivotal to the nation of Great Britain as it helped to establish the boarders and structure of the Kingdom of Great Britain, it contributed to the creation the English dialect, and brought new political, social, and religious reforms to the region, each of which stood to benefit the lands well being The year of 1066 C.E was a period of great reckoning, as the events of the year’sRead MoreEssay on Edgar Atheling1654 Words   |  7 PagesEdgar Atheling, great half-nephew of King Edward the Confessor of England; also to provide an answer to the puzzling question of why Edgar was never killed by King William I (William the Conqueror, also Duke of Normandy). The year 1066 is possibly one of the most infamous years ever to pass on history’s timeline. 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IT Implementation in Healthcare

Question: Discuss about the IT Implementation in Healthcare. Answer: Introduction Silver Chain Group provides community health services to the people and operates in four different regions of Australia as Queensland, New South Wales, Western and Southern Australia. Being in the country for over 100 years, it is a non-profit organization that has a marked reputation and quality services all over (Silverchain.org.au, 2016). The range of services that are provided by this group is huge and some of the examples are Wellness services, health care and maintenance services, counseling and advisory services, support and care, assessment services and personal alarms. Requirement of IT for Silver Chain Group On a per year basis, the group covers more than 87,000 people for providing of the services and care and the same is executed with the help of over 3000 staff members and approximately 400 volunteers. Paper-based records were used to maintain the client information which made it difficult to access and also resulted in frequent loss and misplacements. The management and storage of the same also emerged as the big concern for the organization. It was getting troublesome for the staff members to gather data around their respective clients and resulted in decrease of productivity and efficiency as well. It was extremely required to improve the customer satisfaction and also enable the various entities to provide a medium to easily communicate with each other (LeMay, 2014). Importance of IT for business survival Following are the factors and reasons which mark the importance of IT for the group. Preparation It is the task which includes data collection for various sources and is made easy by the help of IT. Planning Creation of project plans, project schedule, budget plan and various other planning diagrams is a simple task through IT tools and software. Practice It is necessary to adhere to the defined protocols and norms. IT makes it possible to follow the best practices and guidelines that have been suggested. Progress checks It is next to impossible to monitor each and every staff member and the activity going around through manual means. IT helps in the frequent performance and progress checks. Phases for implementation and use of IT Silver Chain Group took the aid of an enterprise level solution and also launched a mobile application for reaching out to a larger number of people and also to provide quality services to them. Android was the operating system that was selected for the development of the app and the same was customized for many different mobile devices such as Samsung Galaxy S2, S3, S4, Note and Note II smartphones, and Samsung Galaxy Note 8, 10.1 and Tab 10.1 tablet devices to direct care staff and clients (delimiter, 2016). 1. Planning This is the initial phase which includes the necessary planning to be done around the scope of the project, goals and objectives, assumptions, entry and exit criteria and likewise. 2. Requirement Analysis There are a number of different Stakeholders that are involved with the Silver Chain Group such as investors, customers, partners, owners and many more. This phase discusses the project with all the essential stakeholders and prepares a set of requirements and specifications accordingly. 3. Design The next phase in the list is the design phase which revolves around the design diagrams and documents such as design specification document, data flow diagrams, use case diagrams, functional hierarchies and decision trees to understand the design of the project. 4. Implementation This is the phase where the practical application of the earlier three phases begins. For the health solution and mobile application, the design is brought in real-world implementation and the same is used for the further process. Database team also works to create a strong back-end. 5. Testing It is an activity which is used to find out the errors that are present in the system. It is done in a phased approach and comprises of the phases such as requirement analysis, design phase, development phase, execution phase and completion phase. It makes use of test conditions, test cases and test scenarios and reports the bugs in the defect report. The closure report is created once the exit criteria are met (Softwaretestinghelp.com, 2016). 6. Deployment and Maintenance This is the stage where the final product is deployed for the end-users and the issues that arise after that are reported and tackled (Ghahrai, 2015). Use of IT in Silver Chain Group IT would help the staff members of the Silver Chain Group to communicate easily with their clients. It would also provide a mechanism to the nurses and doctors to have a conversation easily and also seek guidance through video conferencing. Families who are located in different areas would also be able to easily connect with each other. Accessibility and availability of the direct care staff would also improve by a huge margin. Advanced technology such as notification to the nurses if the readings go beyond an acceptable number would be sent and likewise. Risks involved with IT The IT solution for Silver Chain Group would be implemented in a mobile application as well. The information associated would be of high degree of protection and the loss to the same could emerge as a serious risk for the group. There is varied information that is associated with the group and has potential risks. It has been categorized as follows: Sensitive: The data is to a great degree basic to the association and requires a high level of assurance also. The social insurance data connected with the customer is extremely critical and can't be hampered with. Confidential: This is the classification of data that holds high significance for an association and should be secured precisely. The data around the partners and the accomplices required in the organization is classified in nature. Private: It is the individual data that is connected with the organization and incorporates the points of interest of the workers, for example, demographic data. Public: The data that is alright to convey out to the general visibility and learning goes under this class. There are several risks to the confidentiality, integrity, privacy and authenticity of the data and some of them are as described below: Virus It is a project or an arrangement of guidelines that is vindictive in nature which implies that it has been intended for giving harm or damage to the framework. It gets presented in the framework through capacity media or system. Spyware These are the projects that catch the action of the client on the frameworks and can be utilized to give a considerable measure of harm (Spychecker.com. 2016) Backdoors Backdoors are utilized to hamper the credibility and approved access to the framework by softening up to the framework security. These are utilized to sidestep the security component and may demonstrate to a great degree unsafe for the instructive foundations by entering in the zone of private and secret data. Logic Bomb It is another arrangement of code that is malignant in nature and gets activated by a specific movement or an activity. It requires certain conditions to be met with a specific end goal to get enacted and once it does, it can possibly split away the security of the framework. DoS Denial of Service The service is made unreachable for a specific duration of time since it is overloaded and flooded with unnecessary traffic from unreliable sources (Digitalattackmap.com. 2016). Spam It is the utilization of electronic informing administration and frameworks to send spontaneous messages in mass. There might be email spam or texting spam. If there should be an occurrence of an instructive establishment, these may bring about spam in online journals, web gathering spam, long range informal communication spam, or record sharing system spam. (Ttu.edu. 2016) Phishing A fake site or email message is utilized to mimic another person's personality so as to increase delicate data (Ttu.edu. 2016). Recommendations It is possible to maintain and monitor IT for the Silver Chain Group with the help of a few countermeasures to the risk and structured methodology as: Use of security tools and software such as anti-virus, firewalls and internet security Proper access control mechanism for the maintenance of confidentiality and integrity of the information Adaptation of encryption techniques for transfer of data Analytical tools for analysis of huge amount of data Time to time up-gradation of all the tools and processes that are used in the system Structured methodology for project management and resource management Conclusion Silver Chain Group is an organization that works for the betterment of people of Australia and works through four different locations. There are a huge number of employees and clients that are associated with the group. The management of all of these along with the track of each and every single activity is just impossible through the manual processes. It has thus been suggested to make use of IT in the business and the group has come up with an enterprise health solution and an Android based mobile application as well. These would not only help in the management of services but would also improve the customer experience and accessibility to the organization. There are a set of risks that come up due to the involvement of IT and these have the potential to hamper the confidentiality and security of the information. Countermeasures such as use of anti-virus, internet security, network monitors, encryption techniques and access controls are very effective to control such risks and atta cks. References delimiter, (2016). [online] Available at: https://delimiter.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/NBX-Case-Study_Silver-Chain_Mobility.pdf [Accessed 31 May 2016]. LeMay, R. (2014). Android in the enterprise: Three Aussie examples from Samsung | Delimiter. [online] Delimiter. 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