Hiral Patel Essays (795 words) - Discrimination, Demography

Hiral Patel Essays (795 words) - Discrimination, Demography Hiral Patel December 1, 2014 SOC 224 ONLN Self-Assessment Analysis Human science is the investigation of human connections in the general public. The fundamental human science course acquaints with the social universe of social orders. It encourages understudies to think and to accept that everything is impacted by the social orders that they live in. The manner in which individuals are treated grinding away and in social orders decides their position and spot in the public arena. Human science 101 was an energizing and educated course that supported intuition past what is given to you. Never did I understand that regular choices and exercises added to connections and the world itself. I find that humanism is the main field of study that breaks down and clarifies the issues in our lives and our networks. It clarifies the social reasons for racial and sexual orientation character. It assists with looking at assorted variety in universities and how significant relocations can be for foreigners looking for better lives. Being an understudy, decent variety in schools was the subject that grabbed my eye the most. Assorted variety is significant in universities since it encourages understudies figure out how to help and acknowledge different understudies of various races. Assorted variety advances balance in schools and is likewise a reward for the societal position of the United States in light of the fact that advancing decent variety will show different nations and individuals how the nation treats everybody with equity. This pulls in others from everywhere throughout the world to come and take a risk in the United States. In the United States, we see individuals of all foundations making their very own existence. Many come looking for the American Dream while others come getting away from their previous lifestyles. US offers each and everybody the chance to substantiate themselves and work to live better. It doesn't make a difference what shade of skin individuals have. In spite of the fact that th ere might be a few territories in the United States that despite everything have confidence in race and shading, there are still regions where assorted variety is advanced. I didn't understand how significant decent variety was in schools until this class. I can't overlook the debate gives that were talked about in this class. It isn't only the subject of the papers yet in addition the conversation of the issues itself. After all the understudies transferred their debate assignments we as a whole needed to post remarks about what we thought of the issues. That was the point at which we confronted the main problems as sociologists. Dissecting such issues caused huge numbers of us to understand the debates circumventing the nation as of now. Due to the contention issue, I had the option to understand that in spite of the fact that uniformity is advanced in the United States, there ought to likewise be a confinement. The nation can't have every single gay individuals wed one another and receive youngsters since we will set a terrible model for individuals in different nations. There is no uncertainty that everybody ought to be dealt with equivalent yet having kids experience childhood in gay families is likewise unsuitable in light of the fact that then nobody will have faith in wedding the other gender. Another debate issue that we talked about as a class was migration. In spite of the fact that migration laws ought to be kept severe, I found that there ought to be exemptions to migrants who have families in the United States that are unwell. On the off chance that somebody is in the medical clinic or very nearly kicking the bucket, at that point the migration laws should give special cases for at any rate seven days to visit the individual. The last questionable issue that was examined was that assorted variety should matter in universities. There is no point of having various universities if there are similar individuals everywhere throughout the grounds. What might be the purpose of having residences then when individuals can concentrate from their room with similar individuals. Understudies go to universities in order to assemble their qualities and to fortify their shortcomings. These questionable issues will be valuable to me in my future vocation and instructive objectives. Gay rights, movement laws, and assorted variety all assume significant jobs in human science, which is the reason they were questionable issues being talked about in my group. They will be valuable to me later on in light of the fact that these are issues that surface anytime in my life. These themes are the most talked about subjects in our social orders today. Migration

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John C. Maxwell once composed, â€Å"Leadership is the intensity of one tackling the intensity of many.† Rousseau, in The Social Contract Theory composes that administration is important to make law. A pioneer must be able to accommodate all, regardless of the case. Hence, they should have the â€Å"power of many† so as to comprehend the desire of the individuals. A populace can't make laws for itself without direction from some higher force. A compelling pioneer must have the option to saddle the intensity of numerous so as to make powerful laws and rules for the aggregate great. Rousseau utilizes a few instances of commendable pioneers so as to demonstrate that quality administration decides reasonable law in Book II, Chapter VI: THE LAW. Specifically, he talks about the job of God, officials, and aides. To begin with, the proficiency of lawmaking will be examined, at that point the reasons law is fundamental, next the attributes per Rousseau of a perfect legislator, lastly the best kind of pioneer or guide will be discussed. Numerous things have changed since Rousseau’s time, anyway the requirement for a pioneer to decide reasonable law has continued as before, and will keep on being an enormous piece of governments and social orders. Rousseau depicts the productivity of lawmaking, saying: â€Å"So long as men are substance to join to this word just magical thoughts, they will keep on bantering without being understood† (p.178). Rousseau is basically contending that the connection between the quantity of pioneers and the profitability of those pioneers is a converse one: the more chiefs, the less cultivated. This is the reason it is important to have one in number pioneer as opposed to having the entire of the individuals lead the individuals. The distinction among declarations and laws is the contrast among States and republics. R... ...lways right. A guide who can edify the overall population and make laws is a genuine resource for the populace in light of a leader’s capacity to see articles and circumstances without an individual point of view. This is the reason there is consistently â€Å"need of a legislator.† A few chiefs accept that they are held to lesser measures than their kin. This is one issue with placing certain individuals responsible for the remainder of the network. In any case, laws apply to everybody, including the individuals who make them. This is the reason there is a different gathering that upholds the law, to make equity for all. This is the reason heads and aides are helpful for a network. So as to keep up a reasonable society, there is requirement for officials who are exposed to the laws they make. Without guides, the laws would not be viable or reasonable for all, and the State would not acquire the status as a republic.

Reader Question Will I be Able to Sleep in the Dorms

Reader Question Will I be Able to Sleep in the Dorms Hi everyone, Today I wanted to share a question from you guys, the readers! This question about sleep comes from Lily, who on my Ikenberry Commons post asked, I’d like to know a little more about the environment at Ikenberry Commons, does it get extremely loud at times? I wake easily and really need my sleep, so I think I might not be comfortable be woken up at the middle of the night by loud parties. Thank you and I look forward to your reply soon! Hi Lily! Welcome to the blog. It can get loud, but so can every other dorm â€" it really is just sort of luck of the draw in terms of what kind of crowd is in your floor/hall. Dorms can be a bit hard if you’re a light sleeper because something as simple as someone letting their door slam shut might wake you. I know one of my friends used earplugs because her roommate would come back late at night, and the sound of the door opening/closing was enough to wake her as a fellow light sleeper. I will say that because the Ike houses a bigger population, the chance of hearing loud people is a bit higher. If you get a dorm that is closer to peak traffic areas like the bus stop on Gregory Street right in the front of the Ike, it can be louder more frequently. Dorms with more freshmen tend to be louder since they are new to college and have lots of young energy :). But generally, you should be far enough from non-dorm gatherings  to be able to sleep. And if people in your dorm are causing trouble, if asking them to quiet down doesn’t work, you can always go to your RA to help deal with the situation. I can’t guarantee it since I haven’t lived at the Ike myself, but don’t worry too much about it! Noise usually isn’t a widespread problem â€" it’s usually just a rowdy group once in awhile on the weekends. Everyone needs their sleep, and everyone generally has good experiences at the dorms. Let me know if you have any other questions, and Id be happy to answer! EDIT Jenn makes a great comment below most, if not all dorms, enforce some sort of quiet hours, so typically beginning  at 11pm or midnight, depending on if its a weekday or weekend, residents on dorm floors must stay quiet so that students needing sleep or quiet studying can do so without disruption. There can be an occasional shout or laughter, but most of the time, people respect quiet hours. So hopefully this eases your sleep worries! James Class of 2016 I’m an Advertising major also pursuing a minor in Anthropology. I’m heavily involved with the American Advertising Federation on campus. I'm from Naperville, Illinois.

What Descartes Who When Arriving At The Wax Example

Phi of Mind - Paper One I- What Descartes Believes When Arriving at the Wax Example By the time Descartes arrives at the wax example, he has deduced his own existence as a thinking thing. How? Through a project of doubting, with the intention to find a securely provable truth by which to base all of his knowledge. (pp 1-6) He finds this in the existence of the self as a thinking thing: even if we assume that all external knowledge is inconsistent and untrustworthy, we cannot deny that we interact with this knowledge through the process of considering it. Thus, we cannot doubt that we think. From this, we know (holding all else as unproven) that we are a thing which thinks. (pp 1-10) Knowing that we think, we may then also know that we†¦show more content†¦How is it, then, that we know this wax is a single, albeit transmuted, thing? Descartes then attempts to find whatever is presented by (or contained within) the wax, to find whatever allows us to know its identity. Discarding all elements of sens e data which have been transformed during the wax s melting (such perceptions being, in essence, unreliable), he notes the persistence of the wax as an object in space which is both flexible and movable (pp 1-11). Descartes argues that these attributes alone are useless in conclusively showing something to be wax : both of these attributes admit of themselves an infinite amount of modification, and because of this, are useless for definite determinations. Put more clearly- being flexible and movable is about as useful for determining the form of an object as the attribute of color changeable is for determining it s color: these attributes apply to too many things, and do not capture whatever makes the wax understandable as wax. How, then, do we know the wax as wax? Since the object itself contains no information which can be used, the answer must be found in the internal mind, rather than external object. Thus, the wax example shows that perception of objects is based not in mere externally provided sense data, but in how these sense data are combined and are interpreted by the mind. That these aggregate judgments of sense data are

Henrik Ibsen s A Doll s House - 1447 Words

In the modern drama, A Doll’s House, Norwegian author, Henrik Ibsen, place emphasis on the societal expectations, and the character’s response to them. He uses Torvald, and Nora, along with Krogstad, and Kristine, both as couples and as individuals to help showcase this through literary devices. Ibsen’s use of juxtaposition both between the couples, and between the individuals highlight societal norms emphasis on gender roles and appearances in order to show that only social outcast can overcome societal rules to achieve true happiness. One example of this, can be seen between the characters of Nora, and Mrs. Linde. In the beginning, the characters seem to be advocating conformation to social norms, due to Nora’s description as a married†¦show more content†¦Nora, on the others hand, outwardly appears to conform to societal standards unlike Mrs. Linde, yet grows unhappy due to the pressures of hiding what society considers her deviant behavior. Th e combination of trying to maintain her status in society, and trying to protect her children from the corrupting influence of a â€Å"deceitful mother† (Ibsen 27), who Torvald has unknowingly dubbed her, has caused her to have suicidal thoughts. Her conformity in traditional motherly role and her maintainace of her position in society contributes to her depressive state. Finally, toward the end both women switch roles. Nora has an epiphany, becomes unconcerned about her social status, and focus more in depth on intellectual questions, like â€Å"if what the clergyman said is true† about religion and â€Å"who is right, the world or [her]† (Ibsen 68-69). She decides to leave Torvald and her children, in order to pursue self-realization, which was an unheard of act for a woman at the time whose duties were believed to be located at home with her husband. The juxtaposition between the two women is especially prominent here, since as Nora leaves her family, as Mrs. Linde becomes integrated with Krogstad’s. Although, it seems Mrs. Linde is conforming to society, looks are deceiving. She only looks for a partnership, and not a marriage, which allows her to maintain her freedom, both legally, and of societal

Problems facing by Warwick Town Free Essays

Warwick began as a Saxon colony. The name Warwick is derived from two Saxon words, wering, which meant weir and wic, which meant houses or colony. So it was wering wic the colony by the weir. We will write a custom essay sample on Problems facing by Warwick Town or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the tenth century Warwick was made into a bastioned town or burh. The Saxons created a web of bastioned colonies called burhs across their land. In the event of a Danish onslaught all the work forces from the country could garner together in the local burh. A ditch and a wall protected Saxon Warwick. However Warwick was more than a fortress. It besides had hebdomadal markets and a batch. Saxon Warwick was a booming small town. By the clip of the Domesday Book in 1086 Warwick likely had a population of about 1,500. To us it would look bantam but colonies were really little in those yearss. By the criterions of the clip Warwick was a just sized market town. The Normans built a palace at Warwick. At first it was of wood but later it was rebuilt in rock. The palace stimulated the growing of the town because the fort provided a market for the towns goods. In the Middle Ages Warwick was protected by wall. There were three great Gatess in the North, E and West. Today East Gate and West Gate still stand. St Sepulchre ‘s Priory was founded in the twelfth century. In the thirteenth century Dominican mendicants came to Warwick. Friars were similar monastics but alternatively of retreating from the universe they went out to prophesy. Dominican mendicants were called black mendicants because of the coloring material of their costumes. St Mary ‘s Church dates from the twelfth century. The Beauchamp Chapel is the burial topographic point of Richard Beauchamp who died in 1439. In Medieval Warwick there were the same craftsmen you would happen in any town such as beer makers, meatmans, bakers, blacksmiths and carpenters. However Warwick was a market town instead than a fabrication Centre. Equally good as hebdomadal markets from 1261 Warwick besides had one-year carnivals. In the Middle Ages carnivals were similar markets but they were held merely one time a twelvemonth and they attracted purchasers and Sellerss from far and broad. Henry VIII closed the priory. On the other manus he incorporated Warwick. ( Granted it the right to organize a corporation to run its personal businesss ) . At first the corporation was run by a bailiff but subsequently Warwick had a city manager. Oken ‘s House was the place of a sixteenth century bailiff named Thomas Oken. In the late Middle Ages and in Tudor times, by jurisprudence, work forces had to rehearse archery on Lord’s daies. They practised at the Butts. Like many towns Warwick still has a street named The Butts. In 1571 Lord Leicester founded almshouses known as Lord Leycester Hospital. By the early seventeenth century Warwick was a bustling small town with a population of about 3,000. However like all towns at that clip it suffered eruptions of pestilence. The plague struck in 1604-05 and killed many people. Nevertheless the population of Warwick continued to turn. Warwick Market Hall was built in 1670. Then in 1694 catastrophe struck. A fire destroyed many of the edifices in Warwick. However they were finally rebuilt and the town continued to thrive. The nave and tower of St Mary ‘s Church were destroyed in the fire. They were rebuilt in the old ages 1698 to 1704 by William Wilson. Warwick Court House was built in 1725. At the terminal of the eighteenth century communications were improved when canals were dug. The Warwick and Birmingham canal opened in 1793. The Warwick and Napton canal opened in 1800. In 1801 Warwick had a population of over 5,500. By the criterions of the clip it was a just sized town. It grew quickly in the early nineteenth century but growing so slowed. By 1951 Warwick merely had a population of 15,000. There were a figure of betterments to Warwick in the nineteenth century. In 1810 some of the streets of Warwick were paved and in 1822 Warwick gained a gas supply. In 1849 a infirmary was built and in the late nineteenth century a clean H2O supply was created and cloacas were dug. A public library opened in Warwick in 1866. Furthermore the railroad reached Warwick in 1852. From 1881 Equus caballus drawn ropewaies ran from Warwick to Leamington. At the beginning of the twentieth century they were replaced by electric ropewaies. However they gave manner in bend to coachs. Through the centuries Warwick was a market town instead than a fabrication Centre. That remains true today. Warwick University was founded in 1965. Today the population of Warwick is 22,000. Summary of conveyance jobs confronting Warwick Town For several hours each working twenty-four hours the town suffers from congestion, pollution and rupture, adversely impacting occupants, concerns, visitants and others who wish to utilize and bask the town ‘s comfortss. Some of the traffic uses Warwick town Centre as nil more than a short cut. At other times, traffic moves so fast through the narrow residential and commercial streets that people on pes feel uncomfortable or even insecure, suppressing the town ‘s attraction for occupants, shoppers and visitants. Development will go on, and will, with bing traffic agreements, increase the growing of traffic in the town Centre, declining pollution, congestion and uncomfortableness. Aims of a Transport Plan to turn to these jobs To better handiness to the conveyance system in order to advance a fairer, more inclusive society. To back up economic growing by seeking a conveyance system that is able to advance full employment and a strong, sustainable local and sub-regional economic system. To construct a greener, cleaner and sustainable environment by seeking to cut down the impact of conveyance on the environment. To cut down offense and better the safety of people when they are utilizing the conveyance system. To advance the integrating of assorted conveyance manners, both in footings of policy planning and the physical interchange of manners. Schemes and Interventions to turn to the aims We will better entree to public conveyance by upgrading our conveyance substructures and give more precedences to our public conveyance systems on our roads by presenting coach precedence webs. We will cut down parking installations in and around the town Centre and set up park and drive installations. Junctions and boundaries betterments will be necessary to deviate traffic off the town and guarantee there are less congestions on the alternate paths. The coach Michigans will be upgraded and equipped passenger existent clip information systems and besides fitted with benches. The curb will be dropped to let the handicapped people, aged and kids to utilize the public conveyance with easiness. We will back up our economic system by making a fast and dependable conveyance web that is able to run into the demands of the local occupants and concerns. Workers will make their finishs on clip and there will less cost of bringing to concerns. There will be less waiting times at coach Stationss and rail Stationss. We will construct a greener, cleaner and sustainable environment by extinguishing general vehicular traffic within the town Centre, pedestrianising the environing roads and besides, plantation of trees on the streets. The streets will be easier to brush and will suit mechanical sweepers. De-cluttering of troughs and the drainage systems will besides lend to accomplishing this nonsubjective. We will do rhythm and walking paths more accessible, attractive, comfy and secure to promote average displacement from auto to a more sustainable signifier of conveyance. We will set up an air quality direction unit to supervise the air quality. We will promote all motor vehicles to suit particulate filters to their exhaust systems so as to cut down the emanation of harmful pollutant to the environment. With mention to Well-Lit Highways, more street illuming will contend offense in signifier of increased surveillance in subwaies, more traffic motion, inactive surveillance and more cleaned streets. There will CCTV fitted in all our public conveyance systems, conveyance corridors will be monitored by CCTV besides. There will be Police Operation Command Unit dedicated to our conveyance systems. There will be police presence on the web. Safety is overriding to the hereafter of our kids. We will extinguish motorized traffic in and around our schools. We will present walking coach system farther guarantee safety of our kids. We will go on to put in our schools to guarantee good quality instruction. We will pull off our roads, streets and other conveyance webs better to guarantee efficient and hassle-free interchange. We will work together to present a timetable that puts the clients foremost. This will cut down inordinate waiting times at broke Stationss and train Stationss. I advocate puting up a section whose duty should be to scheduling system that integrates all the manners together. An illustration of a metropolis has achieved this cosmopolitan timetable is Bremen, in Germany. They have developed an integrated conveyance web that meets the demand of everyone in their metropolis. Buss, trains and ropewaies arrive and depart at the same clip. If any of the manners arrives early, it must wait for the other manners before going. This ensures smooth connexion. Dependability is really critical to clients and a dependable conveyance system will promote more people to utilize the public conveyance systems thereby increasing backing and gross for economic growing. We will pull off traffic on roads, including its velocity and volume ; so that active and public conveyance picks become the smarter pick. There should be a realization that conveyance substructure proviso will practically ne’er catch up with demand, therefore go forthing a batch to be improved via other agencies. These other agencies include: better demand and traffic direction actions, more incorporate logistics ironss direction and other soft actions. The velocity bound of a route web will find how other manners of conveyance such as walking and cycling will utilize the web. There will be debut of route pricing policy to undertake congestion constrictions and raise gross to assist fund care of the substructure. We will present climate alteration policies. This will evidently assist cut down local air pollution and better wellness benefits. This will affect exchanging from fossil fuels to renewable or from coal to gas in order to cut down emanation of pollutants to the environment. How to cite Problems facing by Warwick Town, Essay examples

Aeneas the Hero free essay sample

The character of Aeneas as a hero In Book ii of the Aeneid, all of the soldiers of Troy perish except the character of Aeneas, his son Ascanius, and his father Anchises. The character of Aeneas emerges as a hero during his escape from Troy in Book ii of The Aeneid. This book opens with Aeneas arriving at the homeland of Dido. Aeneas arrives and all attention was directed towards him. Aeneas saddened and heartbroken by the things that he encountered and saw in the fall of his own kingdom Troy grieved sorrow. Aeneas a strong believer in the ways of the gods searched for answers. In a dream a fellow warrior Hector appears to Aeneas as a ghost. The appearance of Hector’s ghost tells Aeneas what he must do. â€Å"Give up and Go, child of the goddess, save yourself, out of these flames. The enemy holds the city walls, and from her height Troy falls in ruin. We will write a custom essay sample on Aeneas the Hero or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page †(ii: 387-390)†Her holy things, her gods of hearth and household Troy commends to you. Accept them as companions of your days; Go find for them the great walls that one day you’ll dedicate, when you have roamed the sea. †(ii: 393-397) Aeneas wanting to kill Dido knew that â€Å"no glory comes of punishing a woman the feat can bring no honor. (ii: 765766) He still wanted to appease himself for the deed for the feeling of vengeance of his people. His mother Venus came to him â€Å"immortal, tall and lovely as the lords of heaven know her. †(ii: 776777) Venus â€Å"pulling back the veil† (ii: 795) she holds him back and reveals to him what he must do. Venus is telling him not to let his anger take control of him and stay away from his â€Å"thoughtfulness of her and the rest of his family. †(ii:781)†Aeneas must return to where he left his father, and find out if his wife, Creusa lives, as well as his son young Ascanius. The appearance of Creusa’s ghost â€Å"larger than life, before me caused Aeneas’s hair to rise and the voice clot in his throat. †(ii: 1003-1005)Creusa speaking to Aeneas relaxed him. She told him to let go of his anger and grief. She tells him that everything that happened was the will of the gods. You have plenty of unfinished work to do. There is a place for you to arrive and claim your kingdom and new queen. Many await you, â€Å"new refugees in a great crowd: men and women gathered for exile, young pitiful people† (ii: 10361037) ready to follow to wherever my lead carries them. Determined to make it, â€Å"even with no sign of help Aeneas picked up his father and turned toward the mountain range. †(1043-1046) Brave and consistent Aeneas never gave up on his quest for a place to start a new kingdom. Faced with so many trials and disappointments as well as lost of love ones he continued his journey. Keeping his faith in the gods and devotion to his family he emerged as a hero to the people of Troy giving them the will to go on and follow his lead in search of new walls for Troy.

Teaching Reflection free essay sample

They themselves learn lessons each time they teach, evaluating what they do and using these self-critical evaluations to adjust what they do next time. (Why Colleges Succeed, Ofsted 2004, para. 19) What this chapter is about . . . . . . . Reflective practice  ± what is it? Why and how should we do it? Reflection `in and `on action Some models of reflective practice Using reflection as a basis for improving learning and teaching Writing your personal development journal (PDJ) Your individual learning plan (ILP) What makes a good teacher in lifelong learning? LLUK standards This chapter covers, at least, the following standards: What is reflective practice? The LLUK Professional Standards for teachers, tutors and trainers in the lifelong learning sector state that those working in the sector should value `Reflection and evaluation of their own practice and their continuing professional development as teachers (AS 4). In addition, their professional knowledge and understanding includes: `Ways to reflect, evaluate and use 8 TEACHING IN THE LIFELONG LEARNING SECTOR research to develop own practice and to share good practice with others. We will write a custom essay sample on Teaching Reflection or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As part of their professional practice, they should: `Share good practice with others and engage in continuing professional development through reflection, evaluation and the appropriate use of research. Qualified Teacher Learning and Skills status requires trainees to begin the practice of continuing professional development (CPD) right from the start of their training by keeping a development journal. This practice continues after completion of training; all teachers in lifelong learning are required to provide evidence of a minimum of 30 hours CPD each year in order to maintain their licence to practice. There is one quality above all that makes a good teacher  ± the ability to reflect on what, why and how we do things and to adapt and develop our practice within lifelong learning. Reflection is the key to successful learning for teachers, and for learners. As the LLUK standards make clear reflection is an underpinning value and is the key to becoming a professional teacher. A commonsense view of reflection is that it involves just thinking about things. Perhaps, thinking about the structure of the universe or why you disagreed with your partner last night could be regarded as reflection  ± others might consider it nothing more than idle and self-indulgent speculation. Most of us spend time thinking about what we do and the effects we have on others, but we dont always take it a step further and reflect on our actions and make plans to do things differently. To do with learning; about change and development  ± becoming a reflective teacher. Jenny Moon suggests: Reflection is a form of mental processing that we use to fulfil a purpose or to achieve some anticipated outcome. It is applied to gain a better understanding of relatively complicated or unstructured ideas and is largely based on the reprocessing of knowledge, understanding and, possibly, emotions that we already possess. (Moon 2005: 1) THE REFLECTIVE TEACHER 9 From `help! to `second nature The process of reflection helps us to monitor our own development from raw beginner to experienced professional. Reynoldss (1965) model of developing competence in social work suggests the stages seen in Figure 1. 1. Those of you who recall learning to drive will recognise these stages. Mastering, for example, clutch control is a deliberate practice of trying, sometimes failing, trying again, becoming confident, until it eventually becomes an unconscious process. Our teaching careers follow a similar process: early fears about the timing of activities or the use of information technology (IT) are initially difficult, even frightening, but eventually become second nature. Another, uncredited model, suggests a movement through the stages of: . . . . unconscious incompetence  ± in which we are unaware of what we cant do or dont know; conscious incompetence  ± in which we become aware of our development needs and start to do something about them; conscious competence  ± where we are using our new skills and knowledge, but watching and monitoring ourselves; unconscious competence  ± the skills become naturalised. This is like Reynoldss notion of `second nature. Many of our skills, our knowledge and competences will become, like driving a car, second nature. However, we must ensure that `second nature doesnt become complacency. Success in teaching requires us always to challenge and develop our practice by regular reflection and review. David Berliner (2001) outlines the stages of teacher development as going from the Novice  ± raw recruit who is learning the basics and is relatively inflexible  ± to the Expert, who is very much like the racing driver or the Figure 1. 1 From Reynoldss (1965) model of developing competence. 10 TEACHING IN THE LIFELONG LEARNING SECTOR professional footballer who is completely at one with their art, performing effortlessly and naturally. Experience and length of service do not, however, necessarily make an expert; experience needs reflection if we are to become expert teachers. Rollett (2001) describes what it means to be an expert teacher. This is a very useful model and is worth quoting at length: Experts rely on a large repertoire of strategies and skills that they can call on automatically, leaving them free to deal with unique or unexpected events . . . The wealth of knowledge and routines that they employ, in fact, is so automatic that they often do not realise why they preferred a certain plan of action over another. However, when questioned, they are able to reconstruct the reasons for their decisions and behaviour. (Rollett 2001: 27) Reflection  ± some theory John Dewey was a leading educational philosopher of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries whose ideas are still influential. He believed that traditional education, as then practised in his native America, was rigid, static and inadequate for the rapidly developing society and economy of the time. (The same criticism is frequently made of education today! Dewey advocated child-centred learning and stressed the importance of each individuals lived experience as a starting point for learning. Key to Deweys philosophy was the development of thinking, particularly, reflective thinking. In How We Think, he states that: Thought affords the sole method of escape from purely impulsive or purely routine action. A being without capacity for thought is moved only by instincts and appetites, as these are called forth by outward conditions and the inner state of the organism. A being thus moved is, as it were, pushed from behind. (Dewey 1933: 15) Such a person is, in other words, not in control. They are dragged along by events, unable to understand or change them. To use more up to date terminology, such a person is merely reactive, rather than active or proactive  ± things happen to them; they dont make things happen. We must, as Dewey says, move from routine action to reflective action which is characterised by ongoing self-appraisal and development. simply as the `theory-practice gap. Like Dewey, Schon believed that reflection begins in working practice, particularly those areas of practice where professionals are confronted with unique and confusing situations  ± E `the swampy lowlands of practice as Schon calls them. Teachers may have acquired the theoretical knowledge (technical rationality) of their subject or of the practice of teaching and learning, but whilst this might explain their classroom practice as it should be, it might not explain it as it actually is. From these real-life experiences teachers can develop tacit knowledge  ± a synthesis of theory and practice which they have developed for themselves. It is vital that these learning experiences are recorded in journals and discussed with mentors and fellow trainees. Trainee teachers might express the opinion that `this theory stuff is all very well, but it doesnt work in the real world. Teacher trainers may be offended by such rejections of theory, but their trainees may have a point  ± theory is only of any use when it is applied and developed in practice. The real teaching environment is where theory is applied, tested and evaluated. Theory is never used rigidly, nor does it provide all the answers to the problems teachers encounter. It is, however, the starting point for developing teaching and learning in practice. Reflection, in and on action, allows teachers to continually improve their practice and even to the development of practice-based theory. During your training, and as a result of reading this book, you will acquire a body of theoretical knowledge related to teaching and learning which you will want to apply in your learning sessions. For, example, humanist theories of teaching and learning stress the development of the whole person and the 12 TEACHING IN THE LIFELONG LEARNING SECTOR Figure 1. 2 Using reflection in and on action to improve teaching and learning. creation of a non-threatening, positive learning environment. In practice, this might not be as easy as the theory suggests. However, this does not invalidate the theory, but it does mean you will need to adapt and E experiment with it in practice. Schon calls this application and development of theory in the real world theory-in-use. The notion of reflection linking theory and practice underlies the work of Kolb and of Gibbs. The models of learning and reflection they developed are sometimes called `iterative because they are based on a repeating, but continually evolving and improving, cycle of learning. Kolb (1984) is explained in detail in the chapter on learning theory. Essentially, his Experiential Learning Theory shows a four-stage cycle of activity. These four elements are: THE REFLECTIVE TEACHER . . . . 13 concrete experience; reflection; abstract conceptualisation; The learner, in this case the teacher, can begin the cycle at any point but must follow each step in order. Consider, for example, that a trainee teacher uses role play in a session (concrete experience). The role play is partially successful. The teacher reflects on the use of this learning method and considers how it could be improved and made more effective (reflection). She reads up on the use of role play and talks to more experienced colleagues and, as a result, formulates an improved version of the activity (abstract conceptualisation). The next time she plans to use role play she incorporates her new ideas into the planning (active experimentation). This leads to a new concrete experience and the repetition of the cycle. Activity Consider a recent example from your own teaching when you have tried a new method or resource. Using Kolbs four stages, consider the development of the technique in practice. Several writers on reflective practice have emphasised the importance of the teachers feelings as part of the reflective process. This fits in with the development of emotional intelligence, which is discussed later in the book. We may experience a wide range of feelings during and after our teaching  ± elation, confusion, anger, helplessness, blaming the learners  ± and it is important to recognise and reflect on them. Gibbs (1988) adds feelings to his model of `learning by doing. See Figure 1. 3 for the stages of learning in his model. Gibbss model provides key points in development, especially description, evaluation, analysis and action, which we will consider further in the section on methods of reflection. Before then we need to examine the reasons for reflective practice. These are key skills in active learning and the development of independent learners. Reflection can also help us to develop our emotional intelligence, particularly if we include a consideration of feelings as part of our reflections. The concept of emotional intelligence, developed by Daniel Goleman (1995, 1998), encourages the development of self-awareness of feelings and the recognition and management of emotions. Finally, and most importantly, reflective practice is the key to improvement. If we dont think about, analyse and evaluate our professional practice we cannot improve. Activity Empathy (see Chapter 4, `Communication and the teacher) is important in developing your reflective practice, particularly the ability to imagine what it would be like as a learner in your own class. I can well recall a staff development session in which a colleague talked to us for more than an hour. At the end of it I was extremely annoyed at just being a passive object. It was a salutary experience and made me realise what it would be like to be a student in a passive, non-stimulating environment. When youre teaching you have considerable freedom of movement and activity  ± you can stand up; sit down; walk around and, generally, direct operations. This is not usually the case for learners. Next time youre in `learner mode, at a conference or staff development session, think about how you feel. Do you feel stimulated, interested, engaged, or restless and fidgety? Would you like to move around a bit, stand up for a while, say something, do something? Reflective practice  ± how to do it Reflection is a process and an activity which teachers undertake primarily for themselves. It is not about the production of mountains of paper evidence at the behest of teacher trainers or managers  ± such `otherdirected activity becomes a chore for trainees and teachers from which they will derive little value. Reflection will, however, lead to a product  ± diary, log, PDJ  ± which will contribute to assessment and, subsequently, be used as evidence of CPD. 16 TEACHING IN THE LIFELONG LEARNING SECTOR The right mental attitude We should remember that reflection is not an end in itself; it is the starting point of becoming a reflective practitioner. For Jenny Moon reflection is used, `with the sense of saying something not so much about what a person does as what they are (Moon 1999). The basis of all reflection is a willingness to undertake the process and to value it as means of improvement and development. Reflection can be difficult, even threatening, because it forces us to be honest with ourselves and recognise not only our successes but areas where we need to improve. It makes us take responsibility for our teaching and learning. Being a reflective practitioner is like being your own observer and your own critical friend. We can refer to this willingness to reflect and develop as the `right mental attitude, without which the whole process of reflection is pointless. The professional development journal (PDJ) There are many forms of reflection and occasions on which you will reflect, but as a trainee teacher the main form of reflection will be through your reflective journal, commonly referred to as the professional development journal. Your PDJ is a written record of your experiences of, and feelings about planning, preparing and delivering teaching and learning. It will contain general accounts of learning sessions but, more importantly, will identify critical incidents which can be the basis for learning and continuing professional development (CPD). The PDJ is subjective; it is written by you and for you and gives an opportunity to conduct a dialogue with yourself. You must remember, however, that as a trainee your tutors and mentors will see the journal, so it pays not to be indiscreet or make personal comments. The journal is also a place where you can relate theory to practice. We have already established that theory is only useful if it is used, tested and evaluated in your teaching and learning. Success, or otherwise, in teaching is not just a matter of luck. It results from thorough planning and preparation, knowing your students, and reflection on, and evaluation of, your practice. You will experience the wonderful feeling you get after a class has gone well; the learners, and you, have enjoyed themselves and, above all, learned. You will also experience the depths of despair following a session which just hasnt worked, where the learners dont seem to want to learn and you just long for the end of it all. The reflective teacher uses both extremes to learn and develop. If it went well, are there general conclusions you can draw to try with other learners? Are there specific points you can use with this group again  ± remember each group of learners is THE REFLECTIVE TEACHER 17 unique and reflection helps you to get to know them and work effectively with them. After the dreadful session, you might be chastising yourself (or worse, your learners) for the failure. Neither course is appropriate. You must reflect, analyse, evaluate, learn and change. One of the most valuable functions of your PDJ is to help you identify development points for action planning. You should review your journal regularly to see if there any recurring themes which you need to pick up on for your training and development. It will be useful to summarise your journal at the end of your course. This summary can have two functions; first, you can see how far you have come since you started your training and, second, you can use it as the basis for your CPD. Remember, evidence of CPD is a requirement in getting and maintaining QTLS. Writing your PDJ Many trainee teachers in PCET worry about writing their journals  ± what form should it take; typed or handwritten; how much; how often; is it right? The main message is  ± dont worry. When it comes to journals, you cant do them wrong! There are, however, guidelines and advice to help you make them more useful and more effective. Writing and written style Writing is a very effective way to make sense of experience  ± to organise, evaluate and learn from it. Creative writing is often used as a form of therapy by which people can work things out and find solutions for problems. Cognitive behavioural therapy requires clients to recognise and write down examples of mistaken thinking and to imagine more positive scenarios  ± in other words to reflect, analyse, evaluate and, most importantly, change. It is important to get into the habit of writing and to do it as soon as possible after the event. Its a good idea to include a reflection box at the end of your session plans in which to record some immediate thoughts which will form the basis of your journal entry. When you start writing, dont spend too much time thinking about it. Let the writing flow and try to capture the experience and some critical incidents (see below). Once youve recalled the events, then you can start to learn from them. Little and often is a good rule, particularly in the early days of journal writing. You should always be regular in your journal writing habits. You might find it useful to track a particular group of learners or, perhaps, to compare groups. Your course tutors will advise you regarding how much you should write and what period of time your journal should cover. As for writing style, you should be free, spontaneous and informal. Theres no need for the impersonal, academic style; some of the best journals Ive seen 18 TEACHING IN THE LIFELONG LEARNING SECTOR are quirky and idiosyncratic. You must, however, avoid inappropriate language or too much slang or colloquialism and never make personal comments about teachers or colleagues  ± unless, of course, you are referring to their good practice. There will be times when you are frustrated and annoyed in your training or in your work. You can use your journal to get some of this out of your system, it can even be therapeutic, but you must use it as a basis for learning and development  ± extended moaning is not acceptable. In keeping with the spontaneous and informal approach you will probably write your journal by hand, but its best to check if your tutors have any preferences regarding written or word-processed documents. Some of you will prefer to type your reflections straight on to your computer, possibly using a template you have designed to suit your needs. When you are reviewing your journal its useful to highlight key points for your summary, for action plans, or as discussion points for tutorials. I have known trainees who recorded their journals on to dictation machines (digital rather than tape). This can increase the spontaneity but, obviously, necessitates transcription into written form  ± if youve got voiceactivated software this is less of a problem. Increasingly, trainees are experimenting with using blogs for their reflective journals. This provides some interesting opportunities for sharing ideas with a whole range of people and even the development of `communities of practice. Again, you must check with your tutors regarding the acceptability of this format. Communities of practice dont have to be online. You can share your reflections with fellow trainees in taught sessions or group tutorials. It can be very helpful to find that colleagues are experiencing the same uncertainties or difficulties as you and, hopefully, enjoying successes. Sharing ideas and developing strategies together is an extremely valuable collaborative activity. You may even wish to build in presentations to colleagues on particular issues. Many teachers, like many learners, have a visual learning preference and, as such will want to include diagrams, drawings or any other visual modes. I always encourage this, particularly as visuals can help you get the big picture and explore relationships between ideas.

The Ins and Outs of a Necropsy

The Ins and Outs of a Necropsy Necropsy is a dissection of a dead animal to determine the cause of death. In essence, it is an autopsy performed on an animal, such as a whale or shark. Necropsies can help us learn more about the biology of an animal, how it is affected by disease or how human interactions may impact animals. Veterinarians regularly perform necropsies on livestock in order to determine whether the cause of death is due to sickness or other environmental factors that may affect the rest of the livestock. If caught early, we can use the information to prevent or contain outbreaks. Zoos  and other institutions that care for animals also perform necropsies on animals that have died in their care in order to ensure the safety of other animals who may be affected. Common Necropsy Procedures Some of the procedures for a necropsy include collecting samples from one or more of the internal organs, examining the stomach contents and looking for signs of trauma. The blood will also be examined in order to determine enzyme values and other factors.  From the necropsy, researchers and veterinarians are able to determine how old an animal is, whether or not a female had been pregnant and what the animal ate.   When it comes to whales, skeletons are kept after the necropsy and sent to universities, schools, and museums so that the specimen  can be studied well into the future.

Urban Tourism report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Urban Tourism report - Essay Example 48). Tourists chose to visit different places based on their preferences and all the cities and countries have different aspects that attract different kinds of visitors (Xiang & Tussyadiah, 2013, p. 4). For instance, people prefer to go to Egypt to see the mummies and the pyramids while they prefer to go to London as it has numerous museums and art galleries among other attractions. With this in mind, it can be concluded that tourism is a growing industry considering that most of the countries are striving to promote tourism while others depend on it completely. In this report, urban tourism in Edinburgh will be analysed with specific reference to the Royal Military Edinburgh Tattoo. This report will elaborate on the history of the Royal Military Edinburgh Tattoo and how it has developed to become what it is today together with the aspects that affect it. Urban tourism is a wide concept that entails of the forms of entertainment activities that are heal in different cities along with other activities that involve food, shopping and families among others (Hayllar, Griffin & Edwards, 2008, p. 142). Different people prefer to visit different cities and other urban areas for different reasons with their main attractions being special events, art galleries and cultural events among others (Coles & Timothy, 2004, p. 282). In order to attract external visitors, a city’s image is very important as the tourists have particular expectation in regard to the behaviour and attitudes of the people in these cities as well as the infrastructure and other aspects. Making the urban environment better and enhancing all the services and facilities in various cities are important as far as the attraction of tourists is concerned. These improvements include developing good infrastructure that will transportation smoother, creating better trade poli cies that will provide a good atmosphere for shopping, providing access to the latest information

Managing Organizational Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Managing Organizational Communication - Essay Example Improving listening skills and learning to use and interpret nonverbal cues and verbal communication will help effective communication. Effective feedback is essential to let employees know where they stand and direct them to help achieve organizational goals. Organizations are made up of groups which are again made up of individuals. For sharing of information and coordination of activities, communication is absolutely necessary between groups and individuals. Individuals exchange knowledge, ideas, feelings and emotions using written messages, spoken words and gestures. "Organizations survive by making sense of and giving sense to their environments" (Sutcliffe, 2001, p.197). Organizations collect, comprehend, communicate and control flows of environmental information to deal with foreseen and unforeseen issues. According to various researches, the success of an organization is based on the organization's collective knowledge about its "process capabilities and the abilities to learn and share this knowledge effectively" (Parnisto, 1995, p.154). Sharing information is imperative for work coordination and cooperation in an organization. ... Managers facilitate organizational communication Communication plays an essential role in achieving managerial and organizational goals and objectives effectively. Communication is essential to inform employees of their goals, to compare with co-workers' performance, and for assessing employees' overall performance. Managers, through appropriate channels of communication, give instructions to subordinates and receive information. Managers interpret this information and communicate the same to the employees. To do this, managers should have good communication and interpretation skills, as, ultimately, the employees' interpretation of information depends on the accuracy of the managers' comprehension of the information and the effectiveness of their communication ("Managing communication," 2004, p.264). Role of communication in decision-making Managers take decisions that often have a major impact on the organization and its members. Making relevant and sound decisions is greatly dependent on the availability of accurate and timely information ("Managing communication," 2004, p.264). The length of the communication chain is a significant factor that affect the accuracy and timeliness of the information received. The more the number of links in the communication chain, the more the probability is of the information being distorted. Similarly, the longer the communication chain, the less the chances are of getting the information on time. Economic recession and competitive pressures have driven several organizations to reduce the number of managerial levels in the organizational hierarchy, thus facilitating more effective

New Zealand Sustainable Dairy Farm

New Zealand Sustainable Dairy Farm EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Dairy farmers are profoundly energetic to strengthen their own organizations furthermore, help manufacture a superior future for New Zealand. Worldwide dairy markets offer significant development and esteem creation opportunities throughout the following decades. Individual agriculturist activity furthermore, industry activities are as of now doing some of what should be done to catch these open doors, be that as it may, more should be possible especially in working for the advantage of all New Zealanders. The strategic vision is dairy farming working for everyone. To accomplish this vision, dairy farming must be focused and mindful. Protecting furthermore, improving New Zealand dairy farmings upper hand is a proceeded with exertion, expanding on past systems and focussing on the key territories that have any kind of effect to the monetary performance of dairy farming. Dairy farming must likewise address its duties inside and outside the cultivate door. A dependable dairy cultivating industry is one which illustrates great stewardship of assets, recognizes its obligation of care to individuals whats more, creatures, and which assembles a superior New Zealand through the commitments agriculturists and the more extensive industry to New Zealand society. This document outlines key destinations adjusted to being competitive and responsible. Meeting these objectives will make a more sustainable future for dairy farming in New Zealand. ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES According to Business Dictionary Analysis of how scarce resources (factors of production) are distributed among producers, and how scarce goods and services are apportioned among consumers. This analysis takes into consideration the accounting cost, economic cost, opportunity cost, and other costs of resources and goods and services. Allocation of resources is a central theme in economics (which is essentially a study of how resources are allocated) and is associated with economic efficiency and maximization of utility. Definition of Resource Allocation Resource allocation is a process and strategy including an organization choosing where scare resources ought to be utilized as a part of the production of goods or services. A resource can be considered as any factor of production, which is something used to deliver products or services. Resources include such things as labour, land, machinery, tools and equipment, technology, and natural resources, and monetary assets, for example, money. Resource allocation is the process toward assigning and managing assets in a way that supports an associations strategic objectives. Resource allocation includes managing tangible assets, for example, equipment to make the best utilization of softer assets, for example, human capital. Resource allocation includes adjusting competing necessities and priorities and deciding the best strategy keeping in mind the end goal to maximize the successful utilization of limited resources and gain the best rate of return. OVERVIEW About the NZ Dairy Industry Fast Facts New Zealand represents 3% of aggregate world production New Zealand exports around 95% of its dairy production In the year to June 2016, dairy was New Zealands biggest export segment (18% of aggregate products and service exports) New Zealand exported NZ$ 12.4 billion worth of dairy products in the year ending June 2016 The main five markets for New Zealand dairy exports are: China, United States, United Arab Emirates, Australia, Japan New Zealands main four dairy export products are: whole milk powder (37%), cheese (12%), skim milk powder (10%), and butter (9%) Protein products, UHT drain, and new-born child recipe represented 21% of New Zealand dairy exports in 2015, up from 16% in 2013 Dairy is a part of New Zealand Heritage New Zealands first dairy processing plant was built up around 1875 and the principal export shipment of refrigerated butter left Dunedin in 1882. Since this time, the industry has taken after a way of development and combination, culminating in the Dairy Industry Restructuring Act 2001, which sets up the current regulatory framework for the industry. New Zealands delivers an extensive variety of dairy products. Milk powders are a substantial part of the product mix, mirroring the sharp regularity of New Zealand milk production, distance from market, market access and demand flow, and New Zealands skill in milk powder producing. New Zealand dairy organizations are trusted providers of a full scope of dairy products, including of high esteem dairy nutritional products, specific dairy ingredients for food service, and new-born child recipes. ALLOCATION OF BUDGET Budget allocation is a critical part of all business and not-for-profit financial plans. Budgets are ordinarily set every year and include allocating anticipated income and resources between various divisions and business interests. The amount of funding allocated to every area forces limitations on the extent of the departments development. For instance, if there is a reduction in financing, then some staff must be made excess. DairyNZ has developed straightforward budget formats and guides. A cash flow outlines your month to month financial circumstance. It estimates; on a month-by-month basis, what salary you expect and what you anticipate spending. Effectively utilizing a financial plan during the season gives you a chance to monitor progress and make restorative move where essential. Annual Cash Budget An annual cash budget point of cash received and cash costs going out. It indicates if the business is sustainable and estimates any cash surplus or deficiency for the season. Monthly Cash flow Budget A cash flow budget traces your month to month finance related circumstance. It estimates; on a month-by-month basis, what income you expect and what you anticipate spending. Personal Cash Budget A personal cash budget is for any individual who needs to know where their cash is going. Finishing a personal budget gives more prominent control over personal expenditure and gives you a chance to figure out where reserve funds could be made for large items, for example, abroad occasions, or to develop an aggregate of cash for future investment or retirement. It is especially valuable for agriculturists on a wage or pay. Partial Budget Partial budgeting is a basic planning tool used to estimate the monetary benefit or loss by changing some part of the business or making a partial change to the farm system. RESOURCE MONITORING Water Meters and Monitoring Water meters are the best approach to monitor water utilize. They can detect little breaks and losses and are a successful approach to track occasional and annual consumption. A basic water meter (costing about $350) will help detect where water can be saved and recognize water proficiency choices on-farm. They are a profitable element of any farm taking a stab at sustainable water utilizes. Monitoring Water Meters Read meters in the meantime and day on a general timetable to guarantee readings are predictable. Readings can be recorded on DairyNZs. At any rate once every month, read the meter late at night and again early the following morning, to check for little or unnoticed breaks. Assigning meter-reading obligation to one individual makes it a player in a routine and diminishes the chance of it being overlooked. Tracking Trends Record meter readings consistently to track regular and yearly homestead water utilize. The business assesses that average water use for draining bovines is around 140 liters/day (70L for drinking and 70L in the homestead dairy). Climate conditions and encourage will influence stock water consumption. On the off chance that general water use on the ranch consistently surpasses 140L/day, it merits having a more critical search for conceivable water misfortunes or wasteful aspects in operation. Selecting a Water Meter Introducing a water meter permits you to record genuine water utilize and distinguish regions where water can be utilized all the more proficiently. Water system New Zealands Water Measurement Blue Tick licensed administrators are suggested for establishment of water meters and can give exhortation on the most appropriate alternative. Types of Water Meters There are two fundamental sorts of water meter accessible to monitor shed water utilize; mechanical and electromagnetic. The cost and varies shifts between these meters. When all is said in done mechanical water meters are the least expensive in advance however require prior substitution and have poorer exactness than the electromagnetic. Mechanical Water Meter Most mechanical meters have an impeller that is pivoted by water going through the meter. The measure of turns is meant a volumetric perusing. The meters are accessible in different sizes and the funnels either side of them, must be brimming with water amid measuring to guarantee they are precise. Advantages Reliable and accurate estimation giving the meter is accurately installed. Moderately low introductory cost contrasted with electromagnetic In-line support with basic productive component. Replacement for parts (e.g. impellers) promptly accessible. Disadvantages Hard to recognize breakdown or human impedance to meter while working if worked with an information lumberjack. Inclined to wear in salty water, conceivably bringing about loss of exactness. Some head loss qualities. Electromagnetic Water Meter An electromagnetic meter comprises of a segment of pipe with an attractive field around it and cathodes which decide stream in view of how the electrical voltage is changed by the water stream. This sort of meter is delivered in a scope of standard sizes and flow capacities. Advantages High level of exactness (+/ 0.15-2%) and steady over full stream go. Wide flow extend and no obstacles to stream. Vigorous with insignificant routine upkeep required. No moving parts. Disadvantages Control supply required. Electronic parts powerless against lightning harm. Installing a Water Meter Water Meter Placement For the most part, water meters ought to be fitted: After a water channel, to keep away from coarseness in the water which causes wear on the meter Prior to any compound infusion, for example, fertigation. Prior to any outlets so that the whole water yield is measured. Most meters should be fitted in a long straight length of pipe. Meters wont record the water stream precisely if stream is influenced by turbulence or discharge brought about by twists or intersections. The length of straight pipe before the meter ought to be 10 times the pipe measurement. The length of straight pipe after the meter ought to be five circumstances the pipe breadth (see chart underneath). Not all meters require this straight length of pipe to capacity, check the makers particulars of the meter. TIME MANAGEMENT Inside your crowd there will be an expansive scope of draining lengths; a few bovines with short draining terms to some with long. The most well-known is around 6 minutes. In the event that the turn time was set at around 10 minutes, then, contingent upon the season of year, around 7% of the slowest draining bovines would go around. Speeding up the Rotation Time Traditionally, agriculturists have gone for under 10% of cows going around. In the event that over 10% required a moment turn, the stage speed would be decreased to give the dairy animals longer to drain. In fact, go around dairy animals dont adversely influence the quantity of bovines drained every hour and going for fewer than 10% will regularly confine the stage throughput. Try not to stress over releasing dairy animals around. Set the turn time in light of the capacity of the mugs on administrator. Its ideal to continue measuring at a sensible rate all through draining, as opposed to put undue exertion or strain on the body attempting to keep up a debilitating pace. Numerous revolving administrators utilize the quantity of going around cows as the criteria for setting pivot time yet this can regularly confine proficiency. How is Speeding up more efficient? The condition underneath shows which is more productive. Normal bunch sit out of equipment time for 10 min revolution; (3.6 minutes + 0.7 minutes) = 4.3 minutes. Normal bunch sit out of gear time for 8 min revolution; (1.8 minutes + 1.5 minutes) =3.3 minutes. Lessening bunch sit out of gear time or over-draining will enhance draining productivity. For the 10 minute turn in this case, there is less group sit without moving time utilizing a shorter revolution time with more go-around bovines than a more drawn out pivot time permitting less go around cows. In a 50 safeguard turning utilizing this 10 minute pivot, each group would be sit without moving for 3.6 minutes because of cows that have completed the process of draining holding up to exit and 7% of safeguards would be utilized for go around dairy animals a likeness an additional 0.7 minutes of sit out of gear bunch time. Shortening the turn to 8 minutes would diminish bunch sit out of gear time to 1.8 minutes in light of the fact that for most cows they are completing the process of draining nearer to the exit, yet now 19% of safeguards would be involved by a go around dairy animals so this sit time would increment to 1.5 minutes. Administrators ordinarily utilize a similar turn time paying little mind to revolving size. A greater rotating will mean less administrator time for each safeguard. As the speed builds, so does the rate of go around dairy animals. At the point when the revolving achieves the point where 20% of cows are going around it is for the most part not more productive to accelerate the stage and abbreviate the turn time (yet it not less effective either). COST METHODS The cost method commands that the investor account for the investment at its historical cost (i.e., the price tag). This data shows up as a benefit on the accounting report of the investor. Once the financial specialist records the underlying exchange, there is no compelling reason to change it, unless there is proof that the honest estimation of the speculation has declined to underneath the recorded authentic cost. Provided that this is true, the financial specialist records the recorded cost of the venture to its new honest esteem. 1. Average Salary Taken truly, the average salary of a specific position is the scientific signify of the pay rates surprisingly utilized in that position. This number is figured by including every one of the pay rates of individuals working in the position and after that isolating that total by the quantity of individuals working in the position. The number got is the normal salary. Most associations that track vocation pay rates, for example, Pay scale, ascertain this number through a testing of individuals. 2. Productivity Costs A financial estimation used to anticipate future examples of expansion in the United States economy. The profitability estimation tracks the productivity of merchandise and ventures creation, and the cost estimation shows the work cost joined to each yield unit in the economy. 3. Training Costs Educational planning for playing out a vocation that is ordinarily given to staff by the business that has as of late enlisted them before they get to be distinctly dynamic in support of the organization. Worker preparing is progressively required to help the work constrain in utilizing current systems, apparatuses, procedures and materials in their occupations. 4. Recruitment Costs The Society for Human Resource Management offers an exhaustive record specifying the Cost-per-Hire Standard, an American National Standard for human asset administration. This Standard is composed as an apparatus to permit an association to decide precise and similar expenses to staff position utilizing standard information and equations to compute the enlisting expenses to be joined into cost-per-contract. IDENTIFICATION OF RESOURCE GAP The drought can be viewed as broken just when there has been sufficient rain to take the dirt to inside around 15% of field limit. That by and large means more than 50mm. Until then arrangement to get past in the most ideal shape. Have a plan in place Planning is critical to dealing with a dry summer. A good plan will decrease stress and guarantee that the dry summer wont effect on the accompanying seasons creation. A Summer Management Plan will amplify benefit and lessen worry in a dry summer. Â   Â   It may not be anything but difficult to foresee when it will rain, however an arrangement gives the system to what choices should be made and when. The arrangement should be explored as conditions change. Take Action Early Dry-off Poor Performers It is better to put scarce feed or costly supplements into bovines that are creating great. The others will eat significantly less when dry, and you may have the capacity to graze them off. Use Supplements Wisely Most importantly reserve 10-14 days of supplement for the period after rain (approx. 100kg/DM/bovine); progressively if extreme dry season, less if C4 grasses will develop after rain. There will be a great deal of field rot as of now and you require something to keep your dairy animals going and to keep the turn ease back to develop encourage supplies. Nourishing supplements keeps creatures underway longer than would somehow or another is conceivable. However supplements can expand stock water rates. Consider giving water in the yards lessen the requests to diminish the request on troughs in the enclosure subsequent to draining. Abstain from utilizing harvest time/winter supplements if at all conceivable. Utilize them just if all else fails in the wake of getting dry the whole group. The productivity of sustain supplements relies on upon the persist reaction of having bovines in drain when it rains (the more drawn out the dry season, the lower the reaction) and the cost of supplement with respect to drain cost. When bolstering supplements guarantee that stock have enough water as the request may increment. Consider giving water in the yards to decrease the request on troughs in the enclosure in the wake of draining. Consider Milking Once-a-Day (OAD) Milking OAD or once at regular intervals are great alternatives to take the weight off dairy animals when bolster supply is constrained. OAD reduces the weight on bovines strolling to the shed, and can expand the time accessible for sustaining out. The effect on drain generation will be subject to the creation of the cows, their genetic merit and the feed available. Review the Plan Monitor Farm and Rainfall Review the arrangement consistently to 10 days (precipitation, nourish cover, supplement, generation). Check dairy animals condition routinely (every 3-4 weeks), especially the 2 and 3 year olds, and get them dry in light of their condition score and days from calving, sustain accessible, winter field development rates and expected calving date. Set up Next Season Dry-off a greater amount of the crowd if required Would it be gainful to continue draining an extent of your best makers and touch the rest off? Or, then again would it be ideal to get dry the entire group and oversee them all alone property? In what capacity will you keep up or enhance their condition so that next seasons creation is not influenced? DECISION AND CONTINGENCY PLANNING Planning for Success Most activities which enhance the effectiveness of changing over farm contributions to milk are certain for the farm business financially and naturally. Go for a win outcome- embracing great practice enhances the productivity of your cultivating business and has enhanced natural outcomes. The accompanying planning objectives are fundamentally focused around the ecological parts of a dairy change. Here are four focuses to consider: Allow Plenty of time for due diligence Permit time to talk with the greater part of the associations recorded in the Information Gathering stage, different agriculturists who have effectively finished a dairy transformation, and in addition proficient experts. Be set up to put resources into data gathering e.g. soil mapping by experts data which will empower you to completely evaluate the lands potential reasonableness for dairy cultivating and gushing water system. Putting it in writing The old adage, neglect to plan- plan to come up short may seem to be accurate. Expressly stating plans (or drawing/schematic) permits you a chance to think about your thoughts, perhaps distinguish any contentions or shortages, and make it a great deal less demanding to impart your thoughts to staff and others you are working with. Having a detailed timeline is an imperative piece of accomplishing the objectives of the transformation. Inability to do this, could bring about overwhelms in capital and time, and missing due dates, i.e. the begin of the season. Connecting with contractual workers and tradesmen with a composed contract with concurred results, costs and time spans, in view of your arrangement is beneficial. Unified Farmers can give a scope of format contracts. Have a dedicated project manager A devoted project manager is fundamental for executing a change plan, whether this is the farm proprietor or director, or a procured proficient project supervisor. Their part is basic to keep the project inside time and spending limitations, to ground-truth what is going on the ranch, and keep temporary workers on timetable amid the transformation. Correspondence is principal, the venture director needs to stay in touch with everybody who has been appointed obligations, and also keeping different partners, for example, staff, speculators or invested individuals educated. Utilize the help, advice and tool of experts There is the wealth of learning and innovation officially accessible for agriculturists wishing to change over to dairy. Cases incorporate proficient homestead mapping and ranch architects. Pro specialists, who have worked with other ranch changes, might have the capacity to do a considerable measure of your arranging and proposition for you. In any case, getting the correct proficient and administration is essential, the quality is recalled, long after the cost is overlooked. The time that a qualified and legitimate proficient can spare you, and the esteem they can include, in contrast with the cost of their administrations can make them a decent speculation. PRIORITIZATION AND RESOURCE LEVELING The Five Production Systems are an approach to group farm production frameworks by allocation of imported feed. As New Zealand peaceful farming is about profitably balancing feed supply and demand, five production frameworks have been depicted by DairyNZ basically on the basis of when imported feed is encouraged to dry or lactating cows during the season and furthermore by the measure of imported feed as well as off homestead grazing. The definitions do exclude touching or feed for youthful stock. Framework 1 All grass independent, all stock on the dairy platform No feed is imported. No supplement fed to the crowd with the exception of supplement gathered off the compelling milking area and get cows are not nibbled dry the successful milking region. Framework 2 Feed imported, either supplement or grazing off, fed to dry dairy cows Approx. 4 14% of aggregate feed is imported. Substantial variety in % as in high rainfall areas and cold atmospheres, for example, Southland, a large portion of the dairy cows are wintered off. Framework 3 Feed imported to extend lactation (regularly autumn feed) and for dry cows Approx. 10-20% of aggregate nourish is imported. Westland feed to extend lactation might be foreign made in spring as opposed to autumn. Framework 4 Feed imported and utilized at both ends of lactation and for dry dairy cows Approx. 20 30% of aggregate feed is imported onto the farm. Framework 5 Imported feed utilized all year, all through lactation and for dry dairy cows Approx. 25 40% (yet can be up to 55%) of aggregate feed is imported. *Note: Farms feeding 1-2kg of meal or grain per cow every day for the majority of the season will best fit in System 3. IMPACT OF RESOURCE ALLOCATION ON STRATEGY Wise use of Natural Resources New Zealand dairy agriculturists have contributed greatly to the preservation and utilization of New Zealands common habitat. Numerous beautiful parks, saves and recreational trails all through the nation have been created with dairy agriculturists help and as a result of their energy for preservation. Numerous dairy ranches have widely planted less profitable parts of their homesteads in local vegetation or potentially improved planting to ensure delicate conduits and wetlands. Like most New Zealanders, dairy ranchers are turning out to be progressively mindful of the total impacts of changes in arrive utilize. The obligation of person farmers and land-proprietors is to work proficiently and mindfully, in this way having the ideal ecological impression. Innovative Technologies NZ dairy farming is to a great extent in light of very effective broad peaceful brushing frameworks. This is an aggressive advantage, additionally a potential risk seeing that New Zealand is little on a worldwide scale. The considerably bigger dairy businesses of the northern half of the globe, which are normally based around housed frameworks, order far more prominent interest in regions, for example, hereditarily designed encourage products and dairy computerization to suit those frameworks. There is potential for troublesome advances in these advances to essentially change the playing field, and challenge New Zealand dairy cultivatings aggressiveness. This goal is gone for creating or catching new information to push out the limits of what is in fact achievable on homesteads, and making these advancements available to dairy ranchers. CONCLUSION The result recommend that great feed management of field, when contrasted and poor, can increment operating profit by $176/ha at a milk price of $3.65. As a general rule, most administrators will fall between these two classifications great and poor management- and field monitoring exercises will perpetually be affected via seasonal workload. Additionally, the quality of field mass evaluations will shift contingent upon how these are directed as well as the ability of the assessor. In any case, this review indicates that the expenses related with time and effort required for touching administration are little in examination with potential gains in operating profit. REFERENCES https://www.dairynz.co.nz/news/latest-news/the-financial-benefits-of-better-feed-allocation/ http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/allocation-of-resources.html www.dcanz.com/about-the-nz-dairy-industry/ http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/efficiency and-costs.html

‘Good Friday’ by Edwin Morgan

‘Good Friday’ by Edwin Morgan In this essay I will show how Edwin Morgan uses different poetic techniques to highlight central themes in the poem. The poem is about a slightly drunk working class man Morgan encounters on a public bus in Glasgow at Easter. One of the main themes with features in this poem is religion, in particular about how society is becoming more secular. The title ‘Good Friday’ immediately refers to the date Jesus was crucified, bringing religion into the poem from the start. Also, ‘3 o’clock’ is the time Jesus is thought to have died, another biblical reference.The fact that the man is going to get ‘Some Easter eggs for the kiddies’, but isn’t really sure at all about the relevance of them to the holiday he is celebrating, shows that they have no real relevance to him even though he is spending money on them, though to Christians, they symbolise the stone covering the tomb where Christ was buried. It shows how religion has faded, and busine sses commercialise these holidays for profit. Another key theme in the poem is social-class; in particular how the fact that this man is working class affects the way he treats the holidays.The man explains ‘I’ve had a wee drink’, but the way he ‘flops’ into the seat suggests differently. He must have seen a difference between himself and Morgan because he feels the need to explain ashamedly, almost, ‘I like to celebrate when I’m no working’, and the way his speech is broken up suggests embarrassment, ‘I don’t say it’s right -I’m no saying it’s right – ye understand – ye understand? ’ The repetition of the question shows he feels pressurized; he doesn’t want to be judged, and it shows an eagerness to be approved.It shows that even by appearances he can see the line between himself and Morgan, and in saying ‘You’re an educatit man,’ he is sort of putt ing himself down, sounding as though he thinks he is below Morgan. He gives off the impression of being slightly angry, and emotional, when he says ‘Its been seen time and time again, the working man has nae education’. He describes himself as ‘bliddy ignorant’. His emotional, chatty persona may partly be because of the ‘wee drink’ he has had, the aftermath has left him feeling slightly depressed.The Scottish dialect that Morgan uses for the drunken man also give the poem a sense of place, the ‘fae’, ‘aye’, and ‘wasny’, all give the impression a Glaswegian man, as well as the poor sentence structure, ‘rose fae the dead like, see what I mean? ’. It further adds to the impression that the working-class man is poorly educated. The verbs that are used ‘lurches’, ‘flops’, ‘lunges’, and ‘swings’ are all quite erratic and violent movements, and the fact that the poem is in the present tense add to that feeling of immediacy and make you feel in the poem.At the end, the structure of the last sentence, ‘On very nearly steady legs’ could be describing the man’s movements as he steps off of the bus, because the words are used as a sort of calligram, the words look like steps. In conclusion, ‘Good Friday’ is a poem in which strong poetic techniques such as speech, verbs, repetition, and symbolism , and they are used to highlight central themes in the poem such as social class issues, and the way society is becoming increasingly secular.

Dubliners: Escape And Paralysis Essay

James Joyce captures the social realities of early nineteenth century Ireland in the set of short stories that comprise Dubliners. Many of the stories have parallels as Joyce overlaps themes in his effort to define the conditions in Ireland. Joyce develops the themes of paralysis and the desire to escape via the protagonists’ experiences in Eveline and Little Cloud. Confronted with the opportunity to escape Dublin, Eveline is unable to board the ferry because she is paralyzed by memories of her past and home. Little Chandler is overwhelmed with a feeling of paralysis as he reflects upon Gallaher’s good fortunes after escaping Ireland. â€Å"Now she was going to go away like the others, to leave her home.† In Eveline, Joyce attends to the Irish lower class as he depicts a young girl’s attempt to escape Dublin. The narrator describes the circumstances of the story through Eveline’s thoughts. Eveline ponders the benefits of leaving her home and the life she has in Dublin. She feels that her duties at home and at work are a little overbearing. Eveline is unhappy with the way Miss Gavan behaves toward her at work, â€Å"especially whenever there were people listening.† In relation to the abuse she endures at work, Eveline believes, â€Å"in her new home, in a distant unknown country, it would not be like that.† The idea of escaping fills her with hope because she desires to be appreciated. Eveline insists that she will not be treated the same way her mother was treated when she was alive. According to Eveline, â€Å"she would be married – she, Eveline. People would treat her w ith respect then. She would not be treated as her mother had been.† Escaping Dublin and starting a new life for herself motivates Eveline to except Frank’s invitation to go to Buenos Ayres. The narrator makes it known that Eveline is very conscious of the contrast between the way things were when she was young and her life now. When her mother was still alive, Eveline insists that â€Å"her father was not so bad then.† It was a long time ago when these memories of her father took place. She remembers when children from different families played together in the field, when her family was still together, and when her mother was alive. But now Eveline and her siblings have all grown up and her mother has died.  She also reflects that Tizzie Dunn has died and many of her friends have moved away. All of Eveline’s thoughts represent the death and stagnant atmosphere of her home. Eveline is also aware of the changes that have occurred in the relationship she has with her father. Despite the fact that she is over nineteen years old, the narrator reveals, â€Å"she sometimes felt herself in danger of her father’s violence.† Lately he has been threatening her and suggesting what he would do to her â€Å"for her dead mother’s sake.† Eveline is scared because her favorite brother Ernest is dead and her other brother Harry is busy down in the country. The narrator expresses Eveline’s fear and anxiety, â€Å"and now she had nobody to protect her.† Eveline does not understand that her memories of the past are out of date. The people Eveline associates with the past have all died or moved away. She feels vulnerable and dreams to escape the place of childhood. Eveline perceives Frank as her only hope of escaping Dublin and making a new life for herself. Frank is symbolic of the excitement of the world outside of Ireland. He promises to take her away as his wife and live with her in Buenos Ayres in a home he has waiting for them. Eveline is intrigued by the idea of an exotic new land and she is ready â€Å"to explore another life with Frank.† When Eveline attended the Bohemian Girl with Frank, â€Å"she felt elated as she sat in an unaccustomed part of the theatre with him.† Eveline was also impressed with Frank’s interest in music and ability to sing. The narrator explains Eveline’s feelings towards Frank, â€Å"first of all it had been an excitement for her to have a fellow and then she had begun to like him.† Frank told her â€Å"tales of distant countries† and stories of his journeys around the world. Eveline is convinced that if she wants a life outside of Dublin it must be with Frank. One nigh t Eveline remembered the promise she made to her mother about taking care of the home for as long as she could. The narrator describes Eveline’s sudden realization about her future life in Dublin, â€Å"She stood up in a sudden impulse of terror. Escape! She must escape! Frank would save her†¦But she wanted to live†¦She had a right to happiness.† â€Å"Could she still draw back after all he had done for her?† Despite Eveline’s desire to escape Dublin, she is overcome by paralysis as she considers leaving her home and family. Eveline’s doubts are revealed as she questions, â€Å"She had consented to go away, to leave her home. Was that  wise?† Observing the objects that she has to care for in her home, Eveline is reserved when she considers leaving them. She is very attached to the things around her that represent the memories of her life at home. Eveline experiences feelings of sadness as she contemplates, â€Å"Perhaps she would never see again those familiar objects from which she had never dreamed of being divided.† Eveline is scared about the notion of adventuring out and trying to make a life on her own. She becomes unsure whether she can survive outside of Dublin and away from her family. As these emotions of uncertainty surround her, Eveline finds new security in her home despite her desire to escape. Eveline relates, â€Å"In her home anyway she had shelter and food; she had those whom she had known all her life about her.† Paralyzed by the concept of starting a new life with Frank, Eveline forgets about the reasons that she wanted to leave in the first place. In contrast to the dislike she had expressed towards her work, Eveline testifies, â€Å"It was hard work – a hard life – but now that she was about to leave it she did not find it a wholly undesirable life.† Confronted by her fear of leaving her family and being on her own, Eveline reconsiders the conditions of her home. The idea of leaving her father upsets Eveline, she confirms, â€Å"Her father was becoming old lately, she noticed; he would miss her.† Eveline expresses her affection for her father despite the threat of him mistreating her and her memories of the way he acted towards her mother. When she ponders the good qualities in her father Eveline compresses time to make his past actions seem more recent. Remembering the time she was sick and he had read her a story and made her toast, Eveline maintains, â€Å"sometimes he could be very nice.† She also has memories of going on a picnic when her mother was still alive and the way her father had made all the children laugh. The memory of her promise to her mother takes on new light, as she suddenly feels responsible for her father. Eveline confuses memories of her past with the realities of the conditions of her present life. The paralysis of leaving her family becomes too much for Eveline as she waits to board the ship with Frank. Eveline panics when she considers this major change in her life. When the departure bell rings Eveline feels â€Å"All the seas of the world tumbled about her heart. He was drawing her into them: he would drown her.† She is unable to board the boat and escape the place where she feels secure and at home. Little Cloud portrays the paralysis of the protagonist’s life as it is contrasted with the life of a friend who escaped Ireland. Chandler is overwhelmed with the idea of meeting his friend after years of being apart. As Chandler dreams of seeing Gallaher he remembers, â€Å"few fellows had talents like his and fewer still could remain unspoiled by such success.† Chandler is envious of the life Gallaher made for himself writing for a paper in London. But Chandler is not jealous of his friend, he comments, â€Å"Gallaher’s heart was in the right place and he had deserved to win.† It has been eight years since Gallaher had last been in Dublin and Chandler wonders how life in Europe must have changed â€Å"the friend whom he had known under shabby and necessitous guise.† On his way to the bar Chandler reflects on his life in the same city, â€Å"he watched the scene and thought of life; and (as always happened when he thought of life) he became sad.â⠂¬  Spoiling the excitement of his earlier thoughts, Chandler’s melancholy nature reflects â€Å"how useless it was to struggle against fortune.† But Chandler is very impressed by Gallaher’s invitation to meet at Corless’s, the bar where you can eat oysters, drink liqueurs, and where the waiters speak French and German. Though Gallaher used to drink freely and borrow money, Chandler insists, â€Å"now that he reviewed the past, Little Chandler could remember many signs of future greatness in his friend.† There was something about Gallaher that impressed Chandler in spite of himself. He admired his courage for leaving Dublin and also his ability to become â€Å"a brilliant figure for the London Press.† Chandler is encouraged by Gallaher’s success, the narrator explains, â€Å"for the first time in his life he felt himself superior to the people he passed.† The inspiration of meeting Gallaher moves chandler towards ideas of escaping Dublin and making a name for himself in London. Chandler believes that his missed opportunities are the fault of the stagnant environment of the city. He reveals, â€Å"There was no doubt about it: if you wanted to succeed you had to go away. You could do nothing in Dublin.† The books in Chandler’s house represent his hopes of beco ming a writer and expressing his ideas. He wonders if he could write something original and if Gallaher would help him get it into the London paper. Walking to the bar Chandler relates, â€Å"he was not sure what idea he wished to express but the thought that a poetic moment had touched him took life within him like an infant hope.† Escaping his life and writing has been a dream of Chandler’s for a long time. The narrator  describes Chandler’s emotions, â€Å"every step brought him nearer to London, farther from his own sober inartistic life.† Chandler looks inside himself and questions his ability to make it as a writer. He’s not too old to express himself and he believes â€Å"his temperament might be said to be just at the point of maturity.† The reader can see the irony in Chandler’s sense of himself and Dublin. The â€Å"different moods and impressions that he wished to express in verse† are products of the city’s conditions and his experience there. Chandler debates the qualities of his soul, he tells, â€Å"melancholy was the dominant note of his temperament, he thought, but it was a melancholy tempered by recurrences of faith and resignation and simple joy.† Chandler believes that if he wrote a book of poems certain men would listen and that â€Å"he might appeal to a little circle of kindred minds.† He speculates that English critics might recognize him for the Celtic tone of his poems. He even invents responses that might appear in the notices he book could recieve. He suggests, â€Å"Mr. Chandler has the gift of easy and graceful verse†¦.A wistful sadness pervades these poems†¦ The Celtic note.† Chandler can’t take his focus off of the idea of becoming a success in London. He even considers changing his name to make it more Irish-looking. Incorporating his mother’s maiden name into his own, Chandler is more pleased with â€Å"Thomas Malone Chandler† or â€Å"T. Malone Chandler.† Chandler feels that escaping Dublin is the only way he can satisfy his dreams of success. The narrator reveals the change in Gallaher soon after Chandler enters the bar. Unaware of the obvious national contrast in his friend’s appearance, Chandler describes Gallaher, â€Å"His eyes, which were of bluish slate-colour, relieved his unhealthy pallor and shone out plainly above the vivid orange tie he wore.† Gallaher’s blue eyes are representative of Ireland and the orange of his tie depicts a European influence. Chandler and Gallaher discuss the spoiled lives of their old friends. It becomes evident that Gallaher is the only person Chandler knows who has enjoyed success. Gallaher observes that Chandler has not changed in anyway since the last time he saw him. Suggesting that Chandler should â€Å"want to knock about a bit in the world,† Gallaher discovers that Chandler has never left the island. Chandler asks Gallaher to describe the beauty of Paris and the other exotic places he  has visited. Gallaher has a different impression of Paris, he exp lains, â€Å"It’s not so beautiful, you know. Of course, it is beautiful†¦.But it’s the life of Paris; that’s the thing. Ah, there’s no city like Paris for gaiety, movement, excitement.† Chandler is astonished by the corruption and immoral behavior that Gallaher exposes him to. But Chandler is still impressed with Gallaher’s foresight to escape Dublin. He acknowledges, â€Å"The old personal charm was still there under this new gaudy manner. And, after all, Gallaher had lived, he had seen the world.† The difference between the two friends is developed further as Gallaher describes the life of Paris. In contrast to Chandler’s melancholy nature, Gallaher shows, â€Å"Everything in Paris is gay†¦They believe in enjoying life†¦If you want to enjoy yourself properly you must go to Paris.† Chandler feels that Gallaher must think Dublin is boring in comparison to the worlds he has seen. Chandler is even more inspired about leaving Dublin after he learns what kind of life exists off the island. The drinks and strong cigar of his meeting with Gallaher upsets Chandler’s sensitive nature. Chandler is displeased with his friend accent and way of expressing himself. The feelings he experienced before talking with his friend disappeared as the narrator explains, â€Å"there was something vulgar in his friend which he had not observed before.† Chandler is disturbed by Gallaher’s adventurous and successful life. Chandler has a realization about the opportunities his friend has enjoyed as the narrator offers, â€Å"He felt acutely the contrast between his own life and his friend’s, and it seemed to hum unjust.† It becomes evident to Chandler that he could be more triumphant than Gallaher, who he claims, â€Å"was his inferior in birth and education.† Chandler is confronted with a feeling of paralysis, â€Å"He was sure that he could do something better than his friend had ever done, or could ever do, something higher that mere tawdry journalism if he only got the chance.† But it all seems to late for Chandler when he dwells on Gallaher’s response to his inquiry about marriage. Chandler is overwhelmed with regret as Gallaher explains; â€Å"I’m going to have my fling first and see a bit of life and the world before I put my head in the sack – If I ever do.† The meeting with Gallaher changed Chandler’s feelings of inspiration into feelings of paralysis. Returning home, Chandler feeling resentment towards all the things that are symbolic of his trapped existence in Dublin. After observing a picture of his wife, Chandler remembers a time in which Annie reprimanded him for trying to please her. The narrator describes his revelation, â€Å"He looked coldly into the eyes of the photograph and they answered coldly†¦But he found something mean in it.† Everything around him was irritated by his inability to escape the home and city that repressed him. He is again taunted by his meeting with Gallaher when he studies his wife’s eyes. Chandler insists, â€Å"they repelled him and defied him: there was no passion in them, no rapture. He thought of what Gallaher had said about rich Jewesses†¦Why had he married the eyes in the photograph?† Looking upon the â€Å"pretty furniture† of his house, â€Å"A dull resentment against his life awoke within him.† In a state of panic Chandler questions whether it is too late for him to experience the same life as his friend. But once again Chandler feels paralyzed and unable to escape Dublin as he looks upon his family as obstacles keeping him from the things he wants. â€Å"He was a prisoner for life.† The experiences of the protagonists in Eveline and Little Cloud portray the themes of paralysis and the desire to escape. Joyce develops the social conditions in Ireland through the lives of Eveline and Little Chandler. Both characters desire to escape the environments of their surroundings. In the two stories, however, circumstances prevent their escape as they are paralyzed by the lives they have in Dublin.